A Herman Ottó Múzeum évkönyve 53. (2014)
Régészet - Kalli András: Késő bronzkori sírok Hernádvécsén
Késő bronzkori sírok Hernádvécsén 127 onto flat stones or slabstones was a general character of Piliny cemeteries. In Hernádvécse this phenomena was observable in one case. Similarly to the Piliny burials, the ashes were deposited within urns. These pots were presumably covered with bowls, although because of the shallow depth of the gravepits and the agricultural damage, it was unobservable. In three cases the pieces of pots were unambiguously parts of the covering bowls. The precise situation of the ceramic grave goods was observable only in few cases. In the urns there were beakers in three cases. In several burials the pots were placed to the shoulder of the urns. One of the two metal finds was discovered among the ashes and the other in one of the beakers. Among the classical Piliny-type ceramic forms the elements of the uniformization process of R BzD — HaAl period also appear. Some of the forms can be classified into characteristic Piliny types, which were dated to the classical Piliny period by Václav Furmánek. Some forms and decoration elements can be dated to the R BzD - HaAl period. The curiosity of the cemetery is the classical Gáva-type urn found in one of the graves, which can be dated even to the HaAl period. Among the metal finds only the spiraldisk pendant (Spiralscheibenanhänger) allows us to date precisely: these finds are characteristic mainly in R BD — Ha A1 period and are ecxlusive in the eastern territory of the Piliny culture. The spiral tubes were general in a wide area and in many cultures from the Early Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age, therefore they are unsuitable to mark cultural and cronological classification. The Noppenring made from wire appears in the period from R BB2 until Ha Al. The horseshoe-shaped pendant is characteristic form of the Piliny-culture, unfortunately they are unsuitable to precise dating. In the earlier research a route, which was formated even in the Copper Age — Bronze Age transitional period and which connected the Intracarpathic and Transcarpathic areas had been outlined. The Hernád valley was a part of a wider multiregional route system, which connected the Northern Carpathian mountains and Oltenia, via Transylvania. The unified ceramic decoration elements spread out in a wide area during the R BD - HaAl period through this large connection system. Slovak researchers reconstructed a route system in the river valleys of Slovakia and the neighbouring zones. Although the territory of Hungary doesn’t appear on this map, the trade routes running in aformentioned valleys and the Great Hungarian Plain-Northern Mid-Mountain border zones are connected to this slovakian system. The paralells of the finds of the Hernádvécse cemetery corresponds to the aformentioned route system. Interestingly the majority of the exact analogues can be found in the Barca II. cemetery near Kosice on the Hernád side. In this case the valley of the Hernád functioned as a route, along which very similar ceramic decoration appeared. S. Demeterovás statement must be mentioned, in which she declares, that the emergence of the Gáva-culture in the Kosice-basin the Piliny-culture played the main role. To verify this statement further sites and finds must be examined. [Translated by the author]] Kalli, András
