A Herman Ottó Múzeum Évkönyve 44. (2005)

Bóna Bernadett: Az ablakok fejlődéstörténete (Párhuzamban Filkeháza ablakaival)

were replaced by glass in the 18th century. The four-light, inopenable window was supplanted by two-sash windows with two lights each, opening outward. In the last third of the 19th century, windows became larger and had three lights on each sash. Windows eventually became doublepaned and the direction in which they opened too changed. Inward opening, large windows with a T division were followed by industrially made windows. Change and development can be noted in all elements of windows: adhesive types, frames, iron fittings, and locks. The number and position of windows on houses too changed. I studied seventy-six windows of seventeen domestic buildings in Filkeháza (County Zemplén, north-eastern Hungary). I distinguished eleven window types. The highest number of traditional windows arc represented by the three-sash, undivided, double type with a T division; these are followed by the double, two-sash type with six lights; four-sash, undivided, double types; a larger variant of the T division; double-sash (with the sashes above each other), narrow, undivided, simple and double type; five-sash (two over three), undivided, double type; three-sash, with nine lights or undivided, double type; single sash, with four lights, simple type; double-sash, with six lights, simple type; double-sash, with twelve lights, simple type. I also studied the occurrence of mullions, iron fittings and locks on a particular window type, and I also recorded the window types characterising the street and the yard façade. Bernadett Bona 604