A Herman Ottó Múzeum Évkönyve 19. (1980)

KORDOS László: A Kis-kőháti zsomboly gerinces maradványai

374 KORDOS LÁSZLÓ Eptesicus serotinus gets rarer in the younger phases of the 3rd locality and disappears on the 8th locality, while the Barbastella and the Plecotus, being originally frequent, are present in larger and larger quantity. The Rhinolophus ferrumequineum, the Rh. euryale, the Myotis brandti and the M. dasycneme could be first determined in the Hungarian Holocene fauna in the pothole of Kis-Kőhát. The faunistic examinations tell that in the high mountains of the Bükk the southern Rhinolophii and also the dormouse, the field vole (Myodes) and the Pitymys appear (3rd locality) beside the cold bearing animals and those of wider adaptational abilities in the warmest phase of the Holocene. The warm loving bat species were forced back in the colder Subboreal-Subatlantic Phase (4th-8th localities). The dominant species from among the small mammals is the Pitymys-Myodes-Apodemus-Sorex forest association together with the small mammals of different territories with corresponding averages (e.g. Cricetus, Crocidura). The development of the above mentioned species setting is going on even in our days. Palaeoclimatic results : The annual mean degree of the Atlantic Phase, calculated on the basis of the optimal hibernation degree of the Rhinolophii, is in 800-900 m height 1011° C, in 200-300 m height 13-14° C. The mean degree of the surface of the 4th locality in July was 15.4° C as calculated with the help of the vole thermometer. Geomorphological results: The faunistic examinations help to tell the age of the sediments in the cave. The oldest sediment, the place of which could not be determined, is from the Riss-Würm, while the rubbles and the dripstones are from the younger holocene. These data together with the data from other caves contradict to the simple development model, according to which the caves of the Bükk formed as the karstic water got lower and lower. The pothole of Kis-Kőhát, as the cave opening in the highest in Hungary calls our attention to the fact, that the geomorphological formation of the Bükk mountains was much more complex and different than supposed from the present circumstances. László Kordos