Ewa Krasinska - Ryszard Kantor: Derenk és Istvánmajor (Borsodi Kismonográfiák 31. Miskolc, 1988)

part of economy in the village of Derenk was forest economy and the particular branches of assimilating economy, especially hunting and forest gathering. Hence, the kinds of forest property (conmon, state, belonging to big estates, and peasants forests) were discussed succesively, as well as gathering of forest products (vegetable and animal ones)

, hunting, fisching and cray-fish fishing. The occupations outside agriculture were also taken into consideration, since taking up jobs outside one's own farm a common phenomenon in Derenk. Peasants took service with the richer farmers for money or for working out, and also the mutual helping was widespread on a considerable scale. They also used to find jobs in the forests at wood-cutting, wood-carting and burning charcoal. It was very common for them to go to big estates for "hay and wheat" harvesting. All the above-mentioned forms of earning money as well as advantages of undertaking such jobs for the farms were considered in this book. The high degree of self-sufficiency of the peasants' farms in Derenk caused the fact that majority of needs was supplied within the farm and household. Hence, the home production (weavering, embroidering, the production of small tools and devices for the houehold) was also presented and the scale of folk handicraft was estimated. The study also included the social life of the inhabitants of the village Derenk and the changes which took place in this sphere after displacement to Istvánmajor. Ihat process can be described as the overcoming of the local isolation by the community. Ihe factors characterizing and constituting the local group were wildly discussed and a lot of attention was paid to the relationships between the particular classes of the village. The conflicts within the community were also noted, as well as the formation of the business groups and the various forms of social life. It was ascertained that the peasant communitY of Derenk, in spite of its inner discrepancies, was a coherent and solidary group, which was probably largely due to the sense of the common descent and the necessity of self-defining in relation to the strange and often unfriendly environment which was different ethnically and in language. Another problem which was paid much attention to was family and its functions, especially procreative and protective ones. Ihe division of labour within family and the heirdom system was also taken into consideration and the social role of age groups was stressed. Ihe social role of age groups was closely connected with the existence of so-called 141