Bándi Gábor – Burger Alice – Fülep Ferenc – Kiss Attila: Baranya története az őskortól az Árpád-korig. (A Janus Pannonius Múzeum Füzetei 15. Pécs, 1973.)

In our territory, which belonged after the second division to the province of Valeria, the traces of a highly developed Roman culture, creating town life, survived in abundance in the form of archaeological finds and art relics. ROOM V It the time of Emperor Diocletianus (about 293 A. D.) Sopianae became the civil administrative centre of Valeria, that was one of the four provinces of Pannónia. The city was built at the junction of important Roman roads. It was surrunoded by smaller and larger settlements and villa-homesteads. It had a vivid life of craft and trade. The city became one of the centres of spreading Christianity at the end of the third century. Sopianae was imitating Rome in its constitutional structure. The senior civil servants (decurions) heading the city provided for the supervision of the streets and squares as well as for the arranging of public games. The inhabitants of the city consisted of landowners, wealthy tradesmen and craftsmen as well as of contractors and slaves. The unearthed buildings, inscribed relics and archaeological finds throw light of their lives. ROOM VI During the Migration Period the territory belonged successively to the Huns between 433 and 455, to the Ostrogoths between 455 and 470, to the Eastern Roman Empire between 470 and 504, to the Ostrogothic State between 504 and 546, to the Lombards between 546 and 568. After 568 the Avars established themselves here and from 803 to 896 was temporarily ruled by the Franks. ROOM VII The Hungarians breaking away from the Finno-Ugrian peoples, that lived west of the Ural, occupied the Carpathian basin after a long wandering in 896. The territory of Baranya became a possession of the princely family, the Árpáds, even before the foundation of the State. Pécs was presumably the winter residence of the reigning prince. Baranya county, which was established at the foundation of the State, had for its centre the stronghold of the bailiff: Baranyavár. The residence of the bishopric, founded in 1009, was Pécs. Baranya county

7 possessed about 500 villages before the Mongol invasion. The average number of families in the villages may be estimated at 27. Counting 5 persons per family, the villages had probably 135 inhabitants.