Gáti Csilla (szerk.): A Janus Pannonius Múzeum Évkönyve 54., 2016-2017 (Pécs, 2017)
RÉGÉSZET - Jovan D. Mitrović – Selena Vitezović: Zók revisited: Excavations of D. Karapandžić at Zók in 1920
A Janus Pannonius Múzeum Évkönyve ( 2017 ) 188 adzes and chisels from tines and beam segments (Fig. 7/ 2). ?ese tools were used for diverse activities, mainly on organic materials, as suggested by the intensive polish preserved at some of them, probably working on wood. Bone tools include diverse pointed tools: heavy, medium and fine pointed tools (points, awls and needles) made from different long bones. Also, diverse burnishing tools were uncovered, mainly spatulae and scrapers, made from long bones and ribs. Similarly, they were used for diverse daily cra?s–processing leather, hides, plant fibres, and so on. Also boar tusks were used for producing artefacts, several fragmented objects as well some scraping and cutting tools were noted. Study of the excavations carried out at Zók in early 20 th century by D. Karapandžić and National Museum from Belgrade is important both for the history of archaeology and its role in the society at the time as well as for the reconstruction past, i.-e., ‘’true’’ archaeological work. While studying and re- examining the old material and documentation, not only new archaeological information has been obtained, but the archaeology itself has become its own object of study. It is a well-known fact that the building of the National Museum was severely damaged during the bombing by Austro-Hungarian army in summer 1914 and the collections were plundered during the First World War by the same invading forces. ?is not widely known example may perhaps signify an attempt of ‘’cultural revenge’’ on the defeated Empire. On the other hand, this archaeological expedition ordered by the Serbian State may be interpreted as an example of the imperialistic archaeology, similar to the practice of European archaeologies dominant at the time, common in the period when archaeology as a discipline was still being institutionalized. It is important to stress that the excavations by Karapandžić were carried out by the highest standards of that time; not only beautiful objects but also other types of material were collected: such as animal bones and even pieces of manufacture debris from antler, and its position was recorded a?er the standard at the time (in particular depth of the finds). ?is gives us important information on the state of the Serbian archaeology in its early days – scientific methods were up to date, and attention was paid to all aspects of the excavations – context, stratigraphy and diversity of finds. ?erefore, we may conclude that the influence of Miloje Vasić, first Serbian professional archaeologist and former supervisor to Karapandžić, was very strong, and that Serbian archaeology had since its early ages strong scientific character and was not merely ‘’curiosity and antique collecting ’’. Today, this material may offer information on the different aspects of life on the Zók hillfort during the prehistory, including the diverse cra?s and activities carried out on the hillfort, such as antler collecting and processing, wood working, etc.
