Gáti Csilla (szerk.): A Janus Pannonius Múzeum Évkönyve 54., 2016-2017 (Pécs, 2017)

TERMÉSZETTUDOMÁNYOK - Dénes Andrea: Vadnövények gyűjtögetése és piaci árusítása Baranya megyében egykor és ma. Etnobotanikai áttekintés és napjaink gyakorlata

A Janus Pannonius Múzeum Évkönyve (

2017

)

104

regia

. ?e inside of honey locust Gleditsia triacanthos pods was a sweetie for children. Trapa natans collected in the marshes of Danube and Drava was sold in the markets way until the 1970’s. Among wild vegetables wild garlic species (

Allium scorodoprasum

, A. ursinum

) and leaf vegetables (

Valerianella locusta

, Ficaria verna

, Taraxacum officinale

, Medicago sativa

, Urtica dioica

, Rumex acetosa

) were collected, to be served as salads or pottages. ?e specialty is the consumption of Typha leaves as a salad. ?e sap of birch (

Betula pendula

), elm (

Ulmus spp.) and turkey oak (

Quercus cerris

) was once harvested and used against thirst, but birch sap was also used as for roborating and to cure sore throats.

An interesting, sacral tradition of herb collection was practiced among the German ethnic group living in Hungary, mainly in Tolna and Baranya counties. For the Assumption Day flower dedication – a celebration almost extinct today – 30 species were collected in the county. In many settlements the following species were used for making the sacred bouquets: Centaurium erythraea

, Achillea sp., Origanum vulgare

, Artemisia absinthium

, Silene vulgaris

, Carlina vulgaris

, Galium verum

, Verbena officinalis

, Physalis alkekengi

, Hypericum perforatum

.

Harvesting wild plants is still practiced in the county, especially wild fruits, wild garlic and some popular herbs are gathered by quite a few people. ?e number of species of wild plants appearing in markets can be regarded as significant in a national context, as currently 25 edible wild species (wild vegetables, wild fruits and spices) and 59 species sold as wild flowers were found to be present in the markets in the studied period.