Janus Pannonius Múzeum Évkönyve 41-42 (1996-1997 )(Pécs, 1998)

Természettudományok - Uherkovich, Ákos–Sára Nógrádi: The caddisfly (Trichoptera) fauna of the Szatmár–Bereg Plain, Northeast Hungary

58 A JANUS PANNONIUS MÚZEUM ÉVKÖNYVE 41-42 (1996-97) Also, we must mention Hydroptila occulta (Eaton), Trichostegia minor (Curt.) and Cyrnus trimaculatus (Curt.) (Fig. 5c), which are very rare in the Plain. 2. Charaterization of each important habitat The upper reaches of Tisza are rather rich in species (but unfortunately insufficient samples were taken from them), down to the the mouth of Szamos river. From there on, caddisfly communities in Tisza become less diverse. The composition of its caddisfly communities rememble those of the upper sections of other larger Hungarian rivers (e. g. occurrence of Agape tus laniger (Pict.), Cheumatopsyche lepida (Pict), Athrpsodes albifrons (L.), cf. Fig. 3f), but some characteristic differences can be shown, above all the high dominance of Stactobiella risi (Felber). Two leptocerids [Oecetis tripunctata (Pict). and Ceraclea riparia (Albda.)] are also relatively frequent here, although they occur in unpolluted branches of other rivers too. The Old-Túr river also had had a extraordinary diverse fauna before it was reached by a catastrophic waste water pollution containing rather high concentration of heavy metal ions. It even influenced the caddisflies of Túr Channel. Earlier 67 species were pointed out from only one point (Túristvándi); this record can be compared with the best sites for caddisflies in western and southwestern Hungary (Magyarszombatfa, Szôce, Órtilos, Szentpéterfölde). Another rather interesting water body is the Batár stream on the Hungarian-Ukrainan border. This stream has not been disturbed and polluted during the past five decades or more. Several rarities of the caddisflies of the Szatmár-Bereg Plain occur here [Stactobiella risi (Felber), Oxyethira tristella Klapálek, Agapetus laniger (Pict.) etc.]. This water could be the reference example of this type of waters and we could use it as control for the investigation of similar ones, therefore we suggest its further study. The water course Gôgô-Szenke has a less diverse fauna, but, we must remark, not enough samples were taken along it. 3. The fauna of the Old Túr river The fauna of the Old-Túr river had been the most diverse one in this region before the well known, heavy pollution. A light trap examination series (cca. 15-20 samples within a year with some interruptions) and a few personal collections show that it also used to exhibit original, natural conditions. 67 species were recorded during this short time at a single point (Túristvándi), some of these species being rarities or characteristic for this area (Table 1). The most dominant species were as follows: Table 2. The dominant species (over 1 p.c.) in the material of the light trap and in that of the personal collection, from Túristvándi, Old-Túr river. 2. táblázat. A domináns fajok (1% felett) a Túristvándi (Öreg-Túr) mentén fénycsapdával és személyesen gyűjtött anyagban. species <f<f 99 X p.c. Hydroptila lotensis Mosely 723 1995 2718 17.08 Hydroptila sparsa Curt. 715 1046 1761 11.07 Ceraclea dissimilis (Steph.) 396 646 1042 6.55 Orthotríchia costalis (Curt.) 173 688 861 5.41 Limnephilus flavicornis (F.) 600 148 748 4.70 Athripsodes cinereus (Curt.) 229 491 720 4.52 Anabolia furcata Brau. 583 110 693 4.35 Oxyethira tristella Klapálek 159 435 594 3.73 Oecetis fúrva (Ramb.) 189 400 589 3.70 Limnephilus lunatus Curt. 461 121 582 3.66 Psychomyia pusilla (F.) 180 205 385 2.42 Oecetis notata (Ramb.) 85 252 337 2.12 Neureclipsis bimaculata (L.) 67 259 326 2.05 Limnephilus decipiens (Kol.) 217 94 311 1.95 Hydropsyche angustipennis Curt. 288 0 288 1.81 Ecnomus tenellus (Ramb.) 56 199 255 1.60 Grammotaulius nigropunctatus (Retz.) 179 43 222 1.39 Limnephilus vittatus (F.) 183 35 218 1.37 Agraylea sexmaculata Curt. 141 54 195 1.23 Leptocerus tineiformis Curt. 50 133 183 1.15 Hydropsyche modesta Navás 159 0 159 1.00 This stream is very variable along its course as is shown by the composition of its fauna. Either some species inhabiting stagnant waters covered by dense aquatic vegetation are characteristic and abundant [Limnephilus flavicornis (F.), Oecetis furva (Ramb.), Limnephilus lunatus Curt., Limnephilus decipiens (Kol.), Ecnomus tenellus (Ramb.), Grammotaulius nigropunctatus (Retz.), Agraylea sexmaculata Curt, etc.] or species of slowly or quickly running, unpolluted waters have high dominance [Hydroptila lotensis Mosely, Hydroptila sparsa Curt., Ceraclea dissimilis (Steph.), Athripsodes cinereus (Curt.), Oecetis notata (Ramb.), Psychomyia pusilla (F.), Hydropsyche modesta Navás, Oxyethira tristella Klap. etc.]. Besides these most dominant species, many rarities occur here, e. g. Athripsodes albifrons (L.), Hydroptila occulta (Eaton), Limnephilus binotatus Curt., Oecetis tripunctata (Pict). (80 adults), Phryganea bipunctata Retz., Polycentropus irroratus Curt., Stactobiella risi (Felber) (75