Janus Pannonius Múzeum Évkönyve 35 (1990) (Pécs, 1991)

Természettudományok - Uherkovich, Ákos–Nógrádi, U. Sára: Trichoptera fauna of a typical cultivated region of the Carpathian Basin by light trap examination

TRICHOPTERA FAUNA OF A TYPICAL CULTIVATED REGION OF THE CARPATHIAN BASIN BY LIGHT TRAP EXAMINATION Ákos UHERKOVICH and Sára U. NÓGRÁDI Abstract. 4698 specimens of 47 species were captured during seven years. Phenological diagramme of all species is given. Mass swarming of Colpotaulius incisus Curt, in 1985-1987 is analysed. The problem of polluted and regulated waters is discussed. Introduction In 1982 a light trap was erected at Kocsola, by the local farmer's co-operation to indicate and prognosticate agricultural insect pests. Two years later this trap became a part of the light trap network of plant protection service of county Tolna. The total caddisfly material was selected and elaborated between 1982 and 1988. The light trap was set up along the eastern margin of the inhabited area of the village, between the houses and a large forest. The environs belong to the hilly region of „Külső Somogy" (Outer Somogy County) geographically but it is in со. Tolna due to its administrative assignement. The maximum elevation of these downs does not surpass 250 metres, the relative difference of lowest and highest points is about 50-100 metres. The downs are coveres by loess, in the valleys there are sediment soils of waters. The brooks run into the Koppány River, it is the tributary of the Kapos River, the largest river of middle South Transdanubia. Almost all brooks and rivers of the environs are regulated. Their bed has been straightened out and they have standard cross-section. Most of the beds are cleared from vegetation from time to time. The water is more or less polluted mostly by rest of chemical fertilizers and domestic outlet waters. About 100 m far from the light trap a small, canalized brook runs. During long, rainless periods this brook could dry out, two or three times within the period of our examinations. In a distance of a few hundred metres an artifical fish pond was formed several years ago, farther away some other ponds lied. East from the trap a relatively large forest lies. This oak forest was a hunters' reservation of fallow-deer (Dama dama). The stock of game was rather dense thus the vegetation is deteriorated in some places (Figs. 1-2). Fig. 1. The location of the tight trap at Kocsola (black dot). 1. ábra. A fénycsapda elhelyezkedése Kocsolánál (fekete petty). Method and material The light trap operated with 125 Watt mercury vapour bulb during the vegetation period (from middle of March to the end of October or middle of November). During the seven years of its functionning the list of agricultural pests and some forest insect pests was submitted to the local farmer's co-operative, later to the county plant protection service. In the first three years all macrolepidoptera were listed also. We selected all specimens of Trichoptera and Neuroptera, also, during the seven years of the light trap's functionning. In those years 1238 males and 3370 females of 47 caddisfly species were captured, selected, elaborated and listed. The number of specimens per species and per year is given in Table 1. We have to notice that the function of trap was insufficient in the year 1988. A Janus Pannonius Múzeum Evkönyve 35 (1990): 27—32. Pécs, Hungária, 1991. У