Janus Pannonius Múzeum Évkönyve 28 (1983) (Pécs, 1984)

Természettudományok - Uherkovich Ákos: A mecseki Nagy-mély-völgy nagylepkefaunája és a Délnyugat-Dunántúl bükkön élő fauna elemei (Lepidoptera)

A MECSEKI NAGY-MÉLY-VÖLGY NAGYLEPKEFAUNÁJA 37 The Macrolepidoptera of Valley Nagy-mély-völgy (Mecsek Mountains, Hungary) and the faunái elements of beeches in Southwestern Transdanubia (Lepidoptera) ÁKOS UHERKOVICH The investigations of Lepidoptera fauna of Mecsek Mts. had started long ago and gave numerous data. The majority of investigators paid a visit to southern, warm slopes of the mountains hoping Mediterranean species. Therefore the bulk of data derived from the „Submediterranean Mecsek", from the vicinity of Pécs. These old data can be found in the lists of Kovács (1953, 1956). Results of diverse character have been obtained in the past few decades. The collectings and researches of our times have been carried out in welldefined formations of vegetation, e. g. karst-scrub or turkey oak forests (Uherkovich 1978a, 1980a). Since publishing of these papers the researches of forest types goes its way in a degraded (spoiled) furzy oak stand (Genisto pilosae-Quercetum petraea) as well as a ravine beech forest ( ScutellarioAceretum and Helleboro odoro-Fagetum). The area of recent study is the Valley Nagy-mélyvölgy and its valley system (Fig. 1). This valley runs south to north cutting into Triassic limestone and Miocene conglomerates. In the valley system there are more than a dozen of springs. The tempereture of this valley is comparatively low because of the northern valley entrance and the deep cutting. The main types of vegetation are beeches (Helleboro odoro-Fagetum mecsekerise) and ravine forest (Scutellaria-Aceretum mecseb.ev.se

). (Fig. 2) All light capturings were done nearby the small cave Kő-lyuk barlang by mercury vapour lamps (250 watts) and portable generating set (type E300 of Honda make). In the course of 33 nights more than 7500 specimens of 301 species were collected here (Fig. 3). The effective range of the lamp was not too large because of the slopes of valley and vegetation, therefore the macro-moths of close environs have been caught only. On other spots of our capturing a lot of „stranger" species were collected due to the large range of lamp, e. g. we caught some marsh and hygrophilous species on the very dry and hot southeastern incline of Mount Harsányi-hegy, in spite of the hygrophilous biotope was far-off this place. Author found that the most dominant species was Cyclophora linearia Hbn., a polyphagous species feeding on beech above all. This species distributed all on the afforested area of our country and it was very frequent in beeches. 13 of 15 most frquent species feed on various deciduous trees or bushes, mass of them are polyphagous leaf-eating ones. In the present paper an elaboration has been made of the larger moths of South and West Transdanubia living on beech. It has been found that б of them are monophagous on beech, practically (Fig. 4, 5). One of them, Lymantria monacha L. is a typical amphiphagous species living both on beech and Scotch fir. Four of them - among others Cyclophora linearia Hbn. has been mentioned polyphagous ones but they prefer beech (Figs. 7, 8). More dozens of species feed on several deciduous trees, on beech, too, but they don't prefer this foodplant. Following the above about 9 species are discussed - characteristic of this area or very rare ones here. Entephria caesiata Den. et Schiff, proved to be new of South Transdanubian fauna. Its speciemn from Valley Nagy-mély-völgy represents the second Hungarian data of this species. The list of collected species is given with the quantitative data of two years of investigations.