Janus Pannonius Múzeum Évkönyve 13 (1968) (Pécs, 1971)

Régészet - K. Zoffmann, Zs.: An Anthropological Study of the Neolithic Cemetery at Villánykövesd (Lengyel Culture), Hungary

ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDY 29 Grave '18. (Inv. No. 58.15.) — Inf. II. 9.5—10 years. See Table 1. Grave 19. (Inv. No. 58.16) — Inf. I. 1—1.5 years. See Table 1. Grave 20. (Inv. No. 58.17) — Female, 23—32 years. Except of the left femur, from the pelvis downwards the skeleton had been ploughed out. The skull is fragmentary, destorted, its base is missing. Brain-case: In norma verticalis wide pentagonoid, in norma occipitalis widely houseshaped. In norma lateralis the forehead low, steep, vertex elongately and weakly arcuate, occiput curvoccipital, with slight lambdoid flatness. Skull medium long, narrow — dolichocranial. Forehead low and narrow. — Pterion Hshaped. Facial skeleton: Owig to its fragmentary the shape is indeterminable and is unsuitable for measurements. Nasal root comparatively wide ; lower margin of apertúra piriformis — anthropine. Upper dental arc divergent. Mandible narrow; mentum median. Dentition: Owing to some crowdedness, the lower left and right incisors are in rotation. No caries. Abrasion I. Grave 21. (Inv. No. 58. 18.) — Female, 53—62 years (Plate IV.) The grave was partially plouged out, so together with the cranium only fragments of the postcranial skeleton could be saved. The brain-case is well preserved, the facial skeleton is fragmentary, the mandible is missing. Brain-case: In norma verticalis narrow pentagonoid, in norma occipitalis high houseshaped. In norma lateralis the forehead low and steep, vertex elongately and weakly arcuate, occiput curvoccipital, with slight lamboid flatness. Skull, long, very narrow — hyperdolichocranial, high — hypsicranial, acrocranial (by the auricular height hypsicranial, acrocranial). Forehead narow, but low — eurymetopic. — Shape of the pterion indeterminable on right side, with processus frontalis ossis temporalis on left side. Facial skeleton: Upper face high and narrow, shape of the entire face not determinable. Orbita narrow, medium high, — mesoconch, nearly hypsiconch; apertúra piriformis high, medium wide. Shape of nasal ridge initially concave, end of nasal bones broken. Nasal root medium wide. Position of faciès malaris — temporal; shape of bony palate indeterminable. Dentition: Abrasion of saved teeth (upper right M2 and M3) IV; alveolus of Ml (lost ante moirtem) absorbed. Pathology: No deformations observable. Grave 22. (Inv. No. 58.19) — Male, 36—43 years. The fragmentary skull is very badly preserved, destorted, scale-coated, almost entirely unsuitable for measurement purposes. Brain-case: In norma verticalis narrow pentagonoid, in norma occipitalis house-shaped. In norma lateralis the forehead low and steep, vertex evenly arcuate, occiput curvoccioital. Skull medium long, narrow, medium high. Forehead low and narrow. — Pterion H-shaped. In the region of the lambda is a medium-sized inca-bone, with partly ossified sutures. Facial skeleton: Owing to its fragmentary state, proportions indeterminable, probably narrow and high. Proportions of orbita and of apertúra piriformis also indeterminable. Shape of nasal ridge initially concave, end of nasal bones broken. Nasal root medium wide. Lower margin of apertúra piriformis — anthropine; spina nasalis anterior — Broca 2. Position of facies malaris and depth of fossa canina indeterminable. Bony palate very deep, narrow, long; uoper dental arc slightly divergent. Mandible narrow; mentum bilateral. Dentition: Owing to crowdedness of teeth, left 12 of upper row are in rotation and are strongly projecting from the dental arc. No caries. Abrasion II. Pathology : No deformations observable. Grave 23. (Inv. No. 58.20) — Male, 30—37 years. The skull is very badly preserved, fragmentary,, destorted, scale-coated, unsiutable for measuring purposes. The postcranial skeleton is also fragmentary. Brain-case: Narrowly pentagonoid in norma verticalis, in norma occipitalis house-shaped. In norma lateralis the forehead very low. and steep, vertex elongately and flatly arching, occiput curvoccipital, the lambdoid flatness is slight. Skull long, narrow, low; forehead low and narrow. Right pterion area missing, left side with os epiptericum. In the last quarter of sutura sagittalis and in the fragmentary preserved lambdoid suture are large-sized ossa wormiana. The present imetopic suture is ectocranially open, endocranially under ossification. Facial skeleton: Owing to its fragmentary state, its shape is indeterminable. Nasal root wide; shape of nasal ridge initially concave, end of nasal bones broken. Lower margin of apertúra piriformis —•• anthropine; spina nasalis anterior — Broca 1. Position of facies malaris — temporal ; fossa canina medium deep.