Janus Pannonius Múzeum Évkönyve (1966) (Pécs, 1967)

Helytörténet - Dankó, Imre: Az 1906. évi baranyai aratósztrájkok

ÈARÀNYAI ARATÓSZTRAJKOK — 1906 Ш The strikes of harvesters in Baranya county in 1906 I. Danko In the 70' sof the last century agrarian movements, caused by 'the agricultural slumps, rose in the whole country, particularly in /the territory east of the river Tisza. The most significant weapon of these movements was the strike of the harvesters. The proprietors did their best to supresis these trilkes. By the turn of the century they had succeeded in bearing down the power of the agricultural movements, and the strikes of harvesters lessened. But in 1904. and especially in 1905, as the conséquence of the Russian revolution, both the agrarian socialist movements and the strikes of the harvesters regained new strength. In 1905. there were large strikes of harvesters also in the Transdanubian territories, and the strikes of the harvesters in Bairamya County, at that time, were of great significance owing to both their number and dynamism. This study discusses the strikes of harvesters in 1906. By that time the effect of the Russian revolution had faded, and the proprietors — out of their fear — had also made certain concessions; and the tense expectance of the revolution in the Hungarian agrioultural labourer had come to relaxation. Moreover, the authorities had also prepared for preventing the strikes from developing: significant military and police forces were concentrated in each of the areas; great number of strike-breakers were procured, etc. AH this caused that in 1906. the strikes of harvesters in Baranya County were numerically less than in the years before, and lost much of their power. The strikes were directed mostly by the harverters' foremen. In spite of the assertiations of the contemporary proprietors and the press, the »socialist agitators« had not important role in organizing the strikes. The industrial strikes of that time had also significant effect on the strikes of the harvesters. This study discusses, too, the rareness of sources concerning this problem, and points out the importance of strike centres in the case of the harvesters' strikes as well.