Pásztor Emília (szerk.): Sámánizmus és természethit régen és ma - Bajai dolgozatok 23. (Baja, 2019)

Andrzej Rozwadowski: Varázslyukak: Átjárók a szellemek világába a szibériai sámánizmusban

Sacred holes: Portals to the world of spirits in Siberian shamanism

Fig. 13. Khakas shamanic drum (diameter of ca. 50 cm). Collection of the N. M. Martyanov Minusinsk Regional Museum. Photo A. Rozwadowski.

13 kép. Hakasz sámán dob (átmérője kb. 50 cm).

Shamanic connotations of cracks in the rock refer also to the process of shamanic initiation and the acquisition of most powerful instrument of the Siberian shamans - the drum. The Khakas Sagai, for example, believed that a shaman could receive a drum only with the consent of the chief of all shamans, a non-corporeal mountain-owner (Kharitonova 2005, 201). A potential candidate for shaman was obliged to appear before the master of the mountain and together with an experienced shaman set out on a long and dangerous voyage. The documentation of one such journey is housed in the archive of the Abakan Museum (Burnakov 2011). It concerns the initiation journey of Tud Yukteshev (born in 1877), who was called to the shamanic service by the spirit of the dead shamaness Kham-Oziek. The calling was inevitable after an extra bone (common motif of shamanic initiation stories) unexpectedly grew on the left side of his body when he turned fifty-three years old. The spirits required from him a drum and sticks,

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