Külpolitika - A Magyar Külügyi Intézet folyóirata - 1998 (4. évfolyam)
1998 / 1. szám - ESEMÉNYNAPTÁR - Resumé
Resumé Sándor Csizmadia Geopolitics as a Method of Analyzing the International Relations At the turn of the nineteenth-twentieth century, the geopolitical thinking went through a process of democratization and systematization. Different schools of geopolitics voiced different theoretical approaches which used for justifying the American supremacy over the seven sees, stemming the decline of the British Empire, arguing for the survival of the colonial France, or later on legitimizing the expansion of the nazi Germany, respectively. As a consequence of the German Geopolitik the geopolitical thinking was not welcome after the WWII. Moreover, it had some anachronistic character due mainly to the ideological and military confrontations in the bipolar world-system. Geopolitics has not been cultivated, at least, in Europe for decades. After the decline of the bipolar world-system, it has step by step started to regain its scientific status from oblivion since 1980's. One of the paradoxes of the postmodern world-system is that although the globalization of the world-system is under way, it does not make geopolitics outdated. The author of this essay endeavors to conceptualize geopolitics as a method of analyzing the international relations by using such terms as paradigm, process, event, and etc. He gives a particular emphasis to the poles of territory and identity around which the geopolitical thinking is projected. He also investigates the recent process of deterritorializa- tion brought about by the new actors and factors of the international relationship. If the geopolitical thinking is projected around the poles of territory and identity the development of all the factors should be taken into consideration because all of them may contribute to the rise of new geopolitical paradigms. In the last few decades, the national state as a productive force of geopolitics gradually looses its central position of shaping the global world-system; new international institutions and organizations have been substituted for its previous dominant role. Concerning the collective security system, the emergence of many powerful trans- and subnational actors - regional organizations, immigrants, organized crime, and so forth - should be taken into account. 1998. tavasz 147
