Külpolitika - A Magyar Külügyi Intézet elméleti-politikai folyóirata - 1981 (8. évfolyam)
1981 / 2. szám - Inotai András: Adalékok a fejlődő országok gazdasági fejlődéséhez és világgazdasági jelentőségéhez
Róbert Garat: Relations between the People’s Republic of Hungary and the developing countries The Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs first discusses the import of the term “developing world” going on to survey and analyse the diplomatic and political relations between Hungary and the countries of the developing world. He pays special attention to regional differences and to those countries which progress in a socialist orientated direction, discussing each in terms of their spatio- temporal context. He devotes special attention to the question of non-alignment and to the debates concerning the new international economic order. In its conclusion, the article, relying on a wealth of data, analyzes the situation and prospects of Hungarian economic relations with the developing countries. András Balogh: Certain timely problems of the developing countries The paper, discussing the expected role and situation of the developing countries in the 1980s establishes that: — The growth in the importance in the international political arena of certain areas of the developing world will continue, connected with the growing demand for the fuel deposits in the area; — Given the ongoing capitalist world economic crisis and the continuation of the arms race at the present level—and particularly if the latter should be potentiated—the economic position of the developing countries in general will continue to decline; — The gap between the economic levels reached by particular developing countries, and the polarization of their socio-political orientation will continue; — The second stage of the national liberation movement will continue; — The basic identity of interests between the socialist community and the developing countries and their closeness as regards numerous questions of crucial importance will also continue. Gábor Földvári: The developing countries and the UN The UN is a major arena for the diplomatic activity of the developing countries. The article discusses in detail how the UN turned into an important base of the anti-colonialist struggle as the colonial system fell apart and the developing countries became its active members. The author shows what changes in the composition of the UN resulted from the above process, and judges these to have been favourable. Imre Márton: The flow of ideas at the time of the dissolution of the colonial system and the differentiation of the Third World At the time of the dissolution of the colonial system a number of ideological currents questioned the economic and cultural mission of colonialism. These were fed by nationalism, the cultural, historical, religious and moral values which the intruding strangers had ignored, as well as by revolutionary ideas, especially Marxism. Currents took shape in the ’fifties which stressed the solidarity of the nations of the three continents, opposed both to international finance capital and proletarian internationalism. The change in the world balance of power in the sixties and the novel methods used by the imperialist powers to maintain their hegemony made ideological confrontation more acute. The Rostow theory was the most comprehensive bourgeois attempt to describe stages of economic growth. Amongst theories of the nationalist and reformist type the author discusses Frantz Fanon’s, as well as the activities of the Socialist International, and Christian liberation theories that are given a religious loading. Revolutionary theory and practice were given a great impetus in the sixties by the Cuban revolution and the Vietnamese struggle for independence, as well as the activities of Presidents Nkrumah and Sekou Touré, Colonel Nasser, Amilcar Cabral and Che Guevara. The seventies proved less colourful and more contradictory. In many ways the situation of recently independent countries worsened. The political dimension of religious ideologies turned into a key question, as did the wide diffusion of the Marxist ideology. The universal validity of Marxist theory is illuminated in a new way by the cultural and social peculiarities of the Third World. Magdolna Nagy-Tótb: From the history of the movement of non-aligned countries The roots of non-alignment must be sought in the foreign policy of the countries of SE Asia, India in the first place, that obtained their independence after the Second World War, cooperation between the former colonies and Yugoslavia based on regional interests !59
