Külpolitika - A Magyar Külügyi Intézet elméleti-politikai folyóirata - 1974 (1. évfolyam)
1974 / 1. szám - A tanulmányok orosz és angol nyelvű tartalmi kivonata
of the Geneva Agreement, and what economic, military, political and ideological motives prompted her to increase her aggression. The heroic resistance of the Vietnamese people, the support rendered by the socialist countries and the shift in the international balance of forces compelled the American leadership to launch the „Vietnamization” programme and find a way back from the morass of overt military intervention to their old neocolonialist policy, to the confines of their „invisible empire”. The Paris Agreement assures the undisturbed building of socialism in the DRV and the continuation of the revolutionary process by political means in the South. The United States, however, has not abandoned its original objectives. She is using all means at her disposal to help the puppet regime in Saigon, which is propped up by one of the biggest armies and police forces in the world, in its attempts to thwart the implementation of the political provisions of the Paris Agreement. American imperialism is trying to preserve its military and economic presence in South Vietnam. The most formidable enemy on the conservation of neo-colonialism is the Provisional Revolutionary Government, which is seeking the strict implementation of the Paris Agreement. Who will emerge victorious is still an open question. The future depends on whether the class struggle in South Vietnam stays within the political frameworks defined by the Paris Agreement or will develop into a general war as a direct result of the aggressive policy of the USA and her Saigon ally. János Nyerges: The Most Favoured Nation Clause and East-West Trade The article deals with the role of one of the fundamental principles of international commerce in the field of trade relations between the socialist and the capitalist countries. The emergence of the most favoured nation clause and its universal application are considered as necessities naturally arising from the continuous development of international trade. Without the unconditional application of this clause, there can be no realistic basis for harmonious international trade relations. The author describes the distortion, during the cold war, of the meaning of this fundamental principle by the capitalist countries, and its transformation both in theory and practice into an economic and political weapon. In its distorted interpretation it became an instrument of discrimination directed against the socialist countries, and even at the present time some circles in the West strive to continue to use it for the same purposes. Discussing the capitalist theories and stands pertaining to the meaning and the application of the most favoured nation clause, the article clearly dist'nguishes between the principle which underlies this clause, and the principle of reciprocal advantages and other principles and methods of trade policy, pointing out how their confusion had led to the distortion of the most favoured nation clause and its spurious application in flagrant contrast to the postulates of its original formula. The continued attempts at discrimination hinder the development of East- West relations. The conclusion is justified that those who deny equal treatment to other nations cannot claim equal treatment for themselves. At the same time, it is not in the interest of any of the capitalist countries to be treated unequally. International trade cannot develop in an atmosphere of legal insecurity. A firmer legal basis is required and it can be no less than the universal recognition and application of the principle of equality embodied in the most favoured nation clause. Gábor Hidasi: The Reflection of the International Political Ambitions of China’s Leadership in the Economic Aid Policy of the People’s Republic of China Ey drawing upon all available data and information, the writer presents a comprehensive picture of the volume of economic aid and credits extended to individual countries between 1953 and 1973 by the People’s Republic of China. The analysis of the economic aid policy of the People’s Republic of China demonstrates VII
