Zounuk - A Szolnok Megyei Levéltár Évkönyve 1. (Szolnok, 1986)

TANULMÁNYOK - Oroszi Sándor: A karcagi közbirtokosság szervezetének változása és szerepkörének módosulása a város gazdálkodásában / 129. o.

SÁNDOR OROSZI ALTERATION OF THE ORGANIZATION OF JOINT TENANTS AND THE MODIFICATION OF ITS ROLE IN THE ECONOMY OF THE TOWN OF KARCAG After the Jazygian-Cumanian redemption of the middle of the 18th century (ie. the abolition of manorial burdens by self-redemption), part of the lands of Karcag were passed into private properties and the rest were used in common. The demand for regulating the shares in the common holdings resulted in setting up the institution of joint tenants. This organization was nearly identical to that of the unit of public administration, ie. the town, until the middle of the 19th century. The town and the joint tenants separated parallel with the gradual division of common lands, their endownment into private properties. The basis of divisions and of the structure of joint tenants' organizations had always been determined by the "ransom" payed at redemptions. The organization of joint tenants was built up, according to the national orders issued at the time, when almost all common properties passed into private ones in the last years of the 19th century. In this situation the general meeting of joint tenants delivered all its rights of disposal over to the representative and executive organ of the town. The property, taken over, was handled by the town according to a special regulation, contradicting the existing national orders. The most important items of the joint tenants' properties in Karcag were the agricultural lands and the brick-works. At the beginning of the 1940ies, following a ministerial order, a considerable part of the former properties of joint tenants was de facto conveyed to the town. After 1945, according to the democratic changes taking place in the country, one part of the joint tenants' lands were divided into private properties. The pastures were conveyed to the grazing association formed in 1926, thus the pastures of Karcag were treated uniformly. The activities of the Pasturage Committee of Karcag, established in 1950, were of basic importance. Then, owing to the decrease of private livestock-breeding, the demands for pastures treated by the pasturage committee were also diminishing. The committee was dissolved and gave its lands to agricultural co-operatives in 1974. Hence, the last sign of the organization of joint tenants has disappeared from the economy of the town. 144