Itt-Ott, 1974 (7. évfolyam, 1-6. szám)
1974 / 4. szám
3) In World War I, Polish Americans represented about 8% of the U.S. fighting force but 12% of the combined American war dead. Some South Slav ethnics distinguished themselves as individual heroes. In World War I Louis Cukela, U.S. Marine, was the only soldier who was decorated twice with the Congressional Meda.l of Honor. The same decoration was awarded posthumously to Annapolis graduate Lt. Cmdr. Milton Pavlic, after whom the destroyer Pavlic was named. *0 In the peaceful conquest of the land the seven million German immigrants and their descendants played a leading role by developing American agriculture. At the end of the 19th century, they kept more than 100 million acres under exemplary cultivation. Many of their old country customs have become part of the American way of life. They introduced the Christmas tree, the state and county fairs, German cuisine, and printed the first Bible here. The Germans founded the first orchestra and introduced physical education through their Turnvereins in America. They established hundreds of factories, especially in the food industry. American universities were organized on the German pattern. The greatest German immigrant and the most influential ethnic was Carl Schurz. A leader of courage and integrity, he was one of the founders of the Republican Party, a general in Lincoln's army, ambassador to Spain, then a Missouri senator in Congress and finally was named Secretary of the Interior by President Hayes. 5) The millions of Poles, Czechs, Ukrainian^, Magyars, Serbs, Croats, Romanians, Italians, etc. were the unsung heroes of the American Industrial Revolution. They worked in the mines, filled the factories, built roads and railroads and erected cities. The churches built, parishes and fraternities organized by them are still serving later generations. 6) In the intellectual domain the founder of American journalism was the Hungarian Joseph Pulitzer. One of his deeds was a symbolic acts the floodlights illuminating the Statue of Liberty are maintained from his donation. 7) The modern Croatian Michelangelo, Ivan Mestrovic, has enriched many museums and collections of his adopted country with his creations. One of them, the "Immigrant Mother" decorates Cathedral Square in Milwaukee. Both he and the Ukrainian American, Alexander Archipenko are regarded as two of the greatest sculptors of the post-Rodin era. 8) In the field of music ethnic talent has particularly enriched America. The Hungarian Béla. Bartók, the Czechs Anton Dvorak and Rudolf Priml, the Ukrainian Alexander Koshetz, the Russian Igor Stravinsky as well as the great conductors Arturo Toscanini, Leopold Stokowski, Eugen Ormandy, George Szell and Antal Dorati ~ are brilliant names in the pages of American musical history. 9) In the field of technological sciences, ethnic contributions to American technology are almost immeasurable. The Croatian Nikola Tesla pioneered the practical use of alternating current transmission and high tension electricity, paving the way to wireless communications. His name is honored on the same level as Benjamin Franklin's by the Philadelphia Franklin Society. The Serbian American Michael 24
