Hungarian Studies Newsletter, 1976 (4. évfolyam, 9-12. szám)

1976 / 10. szám

countries and to explore the possibility of exchanges of library and archival holdings re: Latin America. August 1975.

James H. Halsey, Chancellor Emeritus and Director, International Scholarship Program, U. of Bridgeport. Living expenses enabling Miss Eva Federmayer, Eötvös Loránd U. to accept a scholarship from the U. of Bridgeport in order to pursue her studies in American literature during the 1974-75 academic year.

Sister Mary Alice Hein, Prof, and Director, Kodály Program, Dept, of Music, Holy Names Coll. Travel and per diem support for a trip to Budapest to discuss plans for the Second Inti. Symposium of Kodály Educators to be held in Kecskeme’t. Summer 1975.

Edward L. Keenan, Assoc. Prof. Dept, of Linguistics, U. of California, Los Angeles. Travel funds to Budapest to accept an invitation by the Linguistics Inst, of the HAS to lecture on semantics and typology, and to establish an informal exchange of information between UCLA and the Institute. Fall 1975.

Henry H.H. Remak, Prof. Dept, of Comparative Literature, Indiana U. Travel support to visit Hungary, Romania and Czechoslovakia for consultation with the institutes of literary studies of the various academies of sciences, and to attend a meeting at the Inti. Comparative Literature Association in Bratislava. March 1975.

Jan F. Triska, Prof. Inst, of Political Studies, Stanford U. Travel and per diem funds enabling Andrea Szegő, Inst, of Council Direction and Organization, to travel to San Francisco and attend the meeting of the American Political Science Association and to visit American colleagues at several universities. September 1975. (Szegő was unable to accept.)

Grants for collaborative projects:

William Diebold, Sr, Research Fellow, Council on Foreign Relations. Travel support for the Council on Foreign Relations delegation to attend a Hungarian-American Conference on World Economy to be held in Budapest in January 1976.

Sister Lome Zemke, Co-Chairman, Organization of American Koda’ly Educators, Silver Lake Coll, of the Holy Family, Inc. Travel support for several American educators to attend the Second Inti. Kodály Symposium held in Hungary in August 1975.

Scholars who received no stipends but visited Hungary under IREX auspicies:

Morris Bornstein, Prof. Dept, of Economics, U. of Michigan. Three weeks at the National Board of Prices and Materials, Inst, of Economics, HAS. Changes in the price system and policy since 1968.

Brian Macwhinney, Assist. Prof., Dept, of Psychology, U. of Denver. Three and one half months at the National Nursery School Pedagogical Inst. Morphological development in the child.

IREX proceeded with the preparation of an inventory of research and training opportunities in the social sciences and the humanities for U. S. scholars in Eastern Europe. A report is to be completed and distributed during the coming year. One benefit of the project is an “improved coordination among those organizations involved in exchanges and research projects with socialist countries of Europe. In this connection, IREX initiated an informal conference group which now includes thirteen private and governmental organizations.”

For a copy of the annual report write to IREX, 110 East 59th Street, New York, NY 10022.

IREX REPORT (Continued)

ARTICLES (Continued)

that Hungarian speech is rapidly vanishing and being replaced by German. She found that young women, even with heavily peasant social networks, in contrast to young men, refuse to use Hungarian and thereby to present themselves as peasants. This tendency is also reflected in marriage preferences for both sexes, they both marry

German monolingual spouses; the men, because no Hungarian speaking young woman wants to be a “peasant,” the women because of obvious prestige reasons. Because the children of monolingual German and bilingual German- Hungarian speakers rarely learn Hungarian, in an indirect way the present generation of young women is delimiting the language possibilities of the next generation. Dr. Gal is a Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the Language Behavior Research Laboratory, at the U. of Calif., Berkeley. □

(Health legislation in) Hungary. In Vol. 26, no. 2 of the International Digest of Health Legislation (published by the World Health Organization) has a summary of health legislation enacted in 1974 in Hungary (pages359-366). Legislation pertaining to training of medical specialities; admission of alcoholics to institutions and treatment of alcoholics; vaccination for measles; birth control involving hormonal contraceptives; abortion rules as applied to aliens; and creation of the National Environmental Protection Council are quoted and described in the article. □

Another health-related article appeared in the Journal of the National Medical Association, 67:5 (September 1975) 389-391. Written by Leslie L. Alexander, Nora M.L. Atkins, and T. Wilkins Davis, under the title of Hungarian Public Health, it describes the structure of the public health system, refers to its capability, its integration with the educational system, general public health conditions, the role of the 24,900 physicians, health insurance, and health labor organization. □

Hungarian Foreign Policy in the Interwar Period, 1918-41

was the title of a panel held at the annual meeting of the American Historical Association in December 1975 (see Miscellaneous column). Stephen Borsody (Chatham Coll.) chaired the session, and Anna M. Cienciala (U. of Kansas) was the discussant. Thomas Sakmyster (U. of Cincinnati) presented a paper on Miklós Horthy, Hungary, and the Coming of the European Crisis, 1932-41; Eva Balogh (Yale U.) addressed the foreign policy of the 1920s in Great Power Patronage or Regional Cooperation: The Hungarian Dilemma; and Peter Pastor spoke on Hungary between Wilson and Lenin: The Foreign Policy of the Revolutionary Regime of Mihály Karolyi.

Sakmyster promotes the notion that Horthy formulated basic foreign policy principles early in his regency, which then served as guidlines for himself and were imposed upon the foreign ministers. As a result, foreign policy under Horthy was anti-communist and for the revision of the Treaty of Trianon. Both led to a critical dilemma during World War II when Hungary had to reevaluate her relationship first to Germany, later to the Soviet Union. Sakmyster believes that Horthy could have won Hungary over to an anti-Nazi foreign policy or strict neutrality. The fact that he did not reveals unimaginative thinking.

Balogh deals with the consequences of choices Hungary made in its foreign policy immediately following World War I. All early regimes, revolutionary or counter revolutionary, opted for Great Power patronage instead of regional cooperation. Rapproachement with Austria and the successor states was unlikely, and the author outlines the reasons for each country. Failure to recognize the close connection between regional cooperation and Great Power support lead to foreign policy failure.

(Continued on page 11)

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NO. 10, 1976, HUNGARIAN STUDIES NEWSLETTER