Hidrológiai Közlöny 1953 (33. évfolyam)

11-12. szám - Kivonatok

Hidrológiai Közlöny. 33. évf. 1953. li—12. sz. 473 KIVONATOK PE3K3ME — RÉSUMÉ — BRIEF SUMMAIRES — RIASSUNTI — KURZEAUSZÜGE HABJ1IOAEHMH H MCCJlEflOBAHHH no AClJHTy KAPriA B H<ypnajie MipiiBeAeHu 8 OTAejibiibix cooSmeHiiií, KOTOpbie HBJ1HIOTCH KpSTKIIMII OTMeTaMII B OÖJiaCTH HCCJie­AOBaHHH acmrra KapnoB, npoBeaeHHbix B BeHipim 3a nocJieflHiie roflbi. kftj 1. Huo, A. riann. OiibiTbi no 3apa>KeHino acmuoM B aKBapnyMe. OnuTaMii no 3apa>KeHino, ripoöEfleHbiMii npn noMomn cyciien3HB BiipycOB, SaKTepnö II BiipycoB + 6aK­Tepnií ri0Ka3aH0, ITO KpoMe Biipyca — 11 öaKTepnn (Pseu­domonas punctata f. ascitae) nrpaeT 3HamÍTeJibHyio ponb npn 3a6ojieBaHim H iiCTpeÖJieHini Kapna. 2. M. fluo, A. Flann. Onbrrbi 110 3acejieHHK) Bbi3«o­poBeBuiiiMii 3flopoBbiMii ocoöaMii 3apa>KeHHoro aciiTOM no­ronoBbH KapnoB. Ha ocnoBe onu-rOB HeT 3HamrreJTbH0ií pa3Himw B OTHOineHiiH npoqeHTa coxpaHeHiífl Mewiy 3A0­pOBblMH II BbI3flOpOBeBUIHMIi OCOÖaMH, BblSpauHblMH CPEAJI 3apa>KeHHoro noronoBbH KapnoB. XpoHiiHecKiiü acuiiT Bbi3bmaeT y ABVX- n TpexjierHiix KapnoB eme SHamrrejibHoe [tCTpey.ieniie, HO y ^exbipexJieTHiix yöujib y>i<e nc3Ha lni­tejibHa. CMemaHHoe 3acejieHiie c SojibHUMii KapnaMH AaeT OMeHb njioxoü npoueHT coxpaHeHHH. MeniyKiaTbie Kapnu AByxjieTKii 6oJiee CTOHKII, neivi 3epKajibHbie Kapnw, HO 3Ta pa3Hima He NMEET MCCTO y CTapuinx B03pacTüB. 3. fí. PiiMaHOun. HeK0T0pbie flaHHbie no naöjnoAeHiiHM acuirra B 1952. rofly. noKOJieHiie BOcnpuiiMmiBO K 3apa­>l<eHIIHM B 3aBIICHM0CTII OT nepBOHaia.lbHOH CTOHKOCTH. OflHOJieTHee n0K0JieHiie 3a6ojieBiuee xpoHimecKHM acmi­TOM, HMEET oneHb HeonpeaejieHHyio ueHHOcrb B OTHOiueHim^ 3aceneHiiH. Kapnu, npoöojieBimie oqeHb nencon (fopMoií aciinra, noAAaroTCH miaHOMepHOMy pa3BeaeHiiio npn oieHb xopomeM npoqeHTe coxpaHeHHH. üpoueHT CoxpaHeHHH KapnoB, 3a6ojieBimix xpoHimecKoii acmiTa, HBJineTCH Heo­npefléjieHHbiM 11 KOPM He őy.'ieT nojiHpcTbio ncn0Jib30BaH ; AO ocenHero BbuioBa oeraHeTCH pa3pocuieecH norojiOBbe. 4. M. ítno, fi. PnMaHOLui. OnbiTbi no flajibHettuieMy BOcniiTaniiio KapnoB, iiepeSojieBiuiix cJiaSoií (jiopMOH acinrra. HccJieAoaaTeJigMn nojiyien MaTepnaji, SojieBiuiiH jierKoií (JJOPMOH acuiiTa (npn cpeAHeM Bece 5 r). nocne ycneuiHOií 3IIM0BKH npn 90,2% coxpaHeHHH B 3apa>KeHH0M X03HMCTBe nojiyqeH MaTepnan B cpeAH&vi Beco.M B 340 rp c 3acejienneM 11 KopMJieHiieM AO 400 uiTy«/rojibA. flanbHefíuiee pa3BHTiie MaTepnajia npoAOJiwaeicH. ,5. H. fluo, A. AHTan(J)ii. MccjieAOBáHue pa3BimiH h ncnojib30BaHiiH KopMa TpexjieTHiix KapnoB, 3apa»ceHHbix acmiTOM. POCT Beca 11 ncn0Jib30BaHiie KOPMA YBU3AOPOB­eBunix 11 6ojieiomnx oco5 TpexJie™ero Kapna (3a6ojieBLuiix acmiTOM) B nepnoA BERETAIIN nocpaBHeHino ' co 3AOPOBBIMN cocTaBJineT Bcero Jiimib COOTBCTCTBCHHO 40 H 85%^-OB, HTO CHiiwaeT cpeAHioio UEHHOCTB pu6 AO 85%-OB. 6. Jl. Hci})ajiyuiH. HaaieACTBeHHue TejiecHbie Ae^eKTU, yHacjieAOBaHHbie AOA AeücTBiieM acmrra, h pa3BiiTiie TaHiix KapnoB. PaccMaTpimaioTCH BCTpeiaromnecn TejiecHbie ne­(jieKTbl. YCTaHaBJIIIBaiOT, WO B IICCJieAOBaHHblX X03HHCTBaX Kapnu c taKHMH TeJiecHu.vui AeijreKTaMH cocraBJiHioT OT 9 AO 83%-OB Bcero KOJiiinecTBa KapnoB. 3TII Kapnu (T. e. c TEJIECHBIMH AEIJTEKTAMU) öonee CKJIOHHIJ K 3a6ojieBannio 3T0ÍÍ 0OJie3HbIO II y HHX pa3B[ITIie II POCT He HBJ1HIOTCSI YAOBJIETBOPIITEJIBHBIMII. TOJIBKO NYTEM TINATEJIBHORO OT5O­pa irpeACTan/isieTCJi BO3MO>KHWM y^aanTb TaKiie — c TejiecHbiMH AECJIEKTAMJI Kapnu —, iiMeromne HH3KYRO SKO­HOMIMECKYK) UEHHOCTB. 7. H. Huo. OnbiTbi no 3HM0BKC 0AH0^eTHer0 noKone­HIIH KapnoB, öojieiomiix acmiTOM. Bo BPEMH SIIMOBKII Kapnw c HeSoAbiniiM BecoM nojiHOCTbro iicrpeS-iHioTCH. noKOJieHiie c SOABIUHM BecoM (130 rpaMM), BbiSpaHHoe cpeAu 3apa­HÍEHHBIX pbiő, npo3iiMOBaJio c coxpaneHiieM AO 16,2%-OB OCO6, KA>KYMNXCH 3AOPOBBIMN 11 no 10%-OB OCO6, KAWY- • miien SojibHbiMii. npH OTAeJibubix onbiTax MeuiyiíqaTbie Kapnu oi<a3ajincb öojiee CTOÍÍKIIMH, new 3epKajibHbie Kapnu. 8. H. flao. OSecneqeHiie AJTH co3AaBaeMbix BHOBb npyAOBbix X03HHCTB MaTepnaaa AJIH 3ace;iemiH, CBOÖOA­Horo OT acmiTa. HeoóxoAiiMo OTropoAiiTb co3AaBaeMbie BHOBb npyAOBbie X03HHCTB3 OT pacnpocTpaHHBiuerocH B Sojibuinx MacuiTaőax acuiiTa Kapna. Í(JIH ocyuiecTBJieHHH 3Tor MeponpiiHTiiH HeoöxoAiiMO HanaTb njraHOMepHyio BbiBOAKy MaTOMHoro norojioBbH Ha TaKOM Meere, rAe HH B i<oeM cJiynae He MOJKCT HMeTb MecTa 3apa>KeHiiH h co3Aa­BaeMbie sHOBb xo3HiícTBa HeoöxoAiiMo CHaSwaTb BUBeACH­HblM B TaKIIX MeCTaX MaTOHHbIM nOrOJIOBbeM. nOKOJieHHe, CBoSoAHoe OT 3apa>KeHiiH, MO>KHO BbiBecTii AJIH KapnoBbix npyAOBblX X03HÍÍCTB Ha C03AaBaeMbIX BHOBb piICOBblX nojiHX. XMMHMECKHE, 0M3HMECKME M TEPMMMECKHE CBORCTBA MJIA 03EPA BEJTEHUE T. M a H r H MccjieAOBaHiiH np0ii3B0AHJWCb Ha 0CH0Be npiiHuii-"' imajibHbix yKa3aHHH International Society of Medieal Hidrology Pelaid. HJI OTHOCHTCH K HJiy opraHiiiecKoro npoiicxoHweHiiH, a BHyTpii STOH rpynnu K HJiy Tiina „gyttja", npoSa, OTOÖPAHHAH 1-13 HIDKHIIX CJTOCB, IIMEET CHJIBHBIIÍ 3anax cepoBOAopoAa. CoeraB : pa3JiiiiHbie ciuniKaTbi (KBapn, TypMajiim), 30% ii3BecTHHKa n AOJIOMHT3, 15% opraHH­'ICCKIIX BEMECTB. <J>H3NIECKH NOCTOHHHBIE : YAEJIBHUH Bee 2,50 ; norjiomeHite BOAU — 3,59 ; oöieM cyxoro OCTATKA — 10,5% ; CTeneHb HafíyxaHiiH — 3,2; TepMiwecKiie nOCTOHHHbie B COCTOHHIiH, npiITOAHOM AJIH IICn0JIb30BaHIIH, npn BJiawHOCTii paBHOM 78,2% ; TennoeMKOCTb — 0,929 Kan ; yAeJibHoe Tenno — 0,808 Kaji ; TenjionpoBOAHOCTb — 0,0012 Kaji; TennoyAepwiiBaiomaH cn0C06H0CTb — 792 ceK. IIP0rH03 0>KMflAEMbIX MAKCMMAJTbHblX CPE/l­HEMECHMHblX YPOBHEfí BECEHHHX rPYH­TOBblX BOA H. BorapAH­CrarbH 3aHHMaeTCH BonpocoM nporH03a MaKCHMaJib­Horo ypOBHH BeeeHHHX rpyHTOBblX BOA B MaCUITaÖe BeH­rptiH. flpn nporao3ax ypoBHeö rpyHTOBbix BOA qejieco­06pa3H0 npiiHiiMaTb BO BHHMamie cpeAHee 3HaHeHiie. Ha 0CH0Be 3Toro CJiy>K6a npor«o3a nocTpoeHa T3KIIM 06pa30M, >iTo6bi iiMeJiacb B03M0>KH0CTb onpeAeJiiiTb o>KnAaeMbie cpeAHiie 3Ha iieHnH MaKCiiMajibHbix BeeeHHHX ypoBHeií rpyH­TOBHX BOA. 0>KiiAaeMbie MaKCiiMaJibHbie BeceHHiie cpeAHe.Mec­HIHbie ypOBHH rpyHTOBblX BOA CBH3bIBaH c npeAbiAyiunMH OCeHHIIMH MIIHIIMaJIbHbIMH CpeAHeMeCHHHblMII ypOBHHMH rpyHTOBbix BOA, c cyMMOü OCAAKOB 3a nepnoA OKTHöpb-. HOHöpb-MapT 11 cyMMoíi OcaAKOB 3a nepnoA AeKaSpb-HHBapb­(jjeBpaub, a TaK we co cpeAHHM 3HAMEHIIEM cpeAHeü TEM­nepaTypu B nepiiOAe AeKaöpb-HHBapb-tJjeBpajib HMeeTCH B03MOHCHOCTb cocTaBHTb np0rH03 npn noMomn onpeAeJiek­HblX COOTHOUIOHHÜ. OnpeAejieHiie cymecTByioinnx CBH3eii öbuio ocymeci'­BJieHö npn noMomii MHoroKpaTHoro npaMOJiiiHeííHoro KoppejiHmiOHHoro nccincJieHHH. CxeMa nporH03a cocTaB­JleHa Bcero Ha ocHOBe AaHHbix 28 KOJiOAueB rpyTOBbix BOA, pacn0A0>KeHHUx Ha A.nb<f>eJibAe. CTaTbH B OTHOUieHHH KOJiOAua rpyHTOBbix BOA B HupeAb­xa3a AaeT BO Bcex AeTaJinx XOA onpeAeneHiin KoppejiHuiioH­HOÍÍ CBH3ii HJIH, ApyruMH CJiOBaMii, XOA onpeAeJiemiH B3aw­MooTHOiueHiiH nporH03a. B OTHOineHim ocTanbHbix KOJIOA­IIEE NOJIYMEHHBIE PE3YNBTATU NPHBEAEHBI TAÖJIHQEH. B CTATBE B CBH3H c KO.IOANEM B HupeAbxa3a NPNBEAEH TAK>KE npHMep AJIH HiicAOBoro 11 rpa(j)iiMecKoro onpeAéAeHHH owHAaeMoro MaKCiiMajibHoro cpeAHeMecH<woro BeceHHero ypOBHH rpyHTOBblX BOA. Haiamen B CTATBE AJIH Bcex 28 KOJiOAueB iipinteAenw T3K>KE H AEIÍCTBIITEJIBHBUE N nporH03Hbie MaKCHMaJibHbie cpeAHeMecflHHbre BeceHHHe ypOBHH rpyHTOBbix BOA. Ha TAÖJIIME JNS 7 BIIAHO, MTO AJIH SoJibiiniHCTBa KOJIOAUCB nporHö3bi SHa'ieHiiH MO>KHO c^HTaib yAOBJieTBopiiTeAb­HblMH.

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