Szabó János szerk.: Fragmenta Mineralogica Et Palaentologica 23. 2005. (Budapest, 2005)
Anomalomys from Rudabánya Phylogenetic relationships of Anomalomys rudabanyensis Among the anomalomyines, several phylogenetic lineages can be distinguished. The first of these is the lineage of Anomalomys (Early Miocene, MN4— 5): The genus Anomalous may have derived from one of the small-sized species of Eumyation (E. microps, E. intercentralis) of the Early Miocene of Asia Minor. Anomalomys aliveriensis, A. minor, and A. minutus are early representatives of the group (DE BRUIJN & SARAÇ 1991; BOLLIGER 1999). Characteristic dental morphological changes between Eumyation and A. minor are the following ones (Figure 17): (1) the cusp-fold enamel structure has turned into a typical folded pattern; (2) both cuspid anterocones and the anterior posterolophule of Ml have joined to form a single anterocone; (3) the ectomesoloph of Ml has disappeared; (4) the metacone and the hypoconule of Ml are generally fused; (5) the anteroconid and the metaconid of ml are joined; (6) the lingual and buccal anterosinids of ml have became connected, and thus the anteroconid is separated from the more posterior structures by a single anterosinid; (7) the mesosinid of ml ^Anomalomys pattern") is being developed; (8) the separate posterolophid and the posterior cingulum of ml form a single fold. Of this lineage, Anomalomys minor is present in the Carpathian Basin during the Karpatian, MN 4—5 (KORDOS 1989). Anomalomys gaudryi—rudabanyensis--petteri lineage (MN6— 11) (Figure 17): Characteristic dental morphological changes are: (1) the increasing hypsodonty; (2) the dental fold system becomes more simple; (3) the mesoloph disappears; (4) partial or total separation of the folds of ml and m2. Anomalomys gaudryi occurs at several localities in the Carpathian Basin during the Middle Miocene (MN6-8 Zones): Neudorf (SCHAUB & ZAPFE 1953; FEJFAR 1972), Hasznos (KORDOS 1989), Szentendre (KORDOS 1989, KOWALSKI 1994), Mátraszőlős 2 (GÁL et al. 2000), Felsőtárkány 1, 3/2 (HÍR 2001, 2002, 2003), Felsőtárkány-Felnémet (HÍR & VENCZEL 2004). The occurrence of A. cf. rudabanyensis has been reported from outside the Carpathian Basin at Hilleniche, Germany (rVfN9; BOLLIGER 1996). Some newly discovered and partly unpublished Vallesian samples of Anomalous from Gritzev (Ukraine, MN9) exhibit a transitional morphology' between Anomalomys rudabanyensis and A. petteri (personal investigation by the present author). Anomalomys gaillardi VlRET & SCHAUB is not present at Rudabánya, and there has been no detailed study carried out on the phylogenetic relationships of A. gaillardi to date. The succeeding Anomalospalax lineage (A. gernoti— tardosi—viretschaubi) is present in the Carpathian Basin during the entire Turolian, MN11-13 (KORDOS 1985). Figure 10 — Left side of M2 of Anomalomys rudabanyensis. — left: buccal view; middle: lingual view; righfcposterior view. LM3 1 mm Figure 11 — Left side of M3 of Anomalomys rudabanyensis. — left: buccal view; middle: lingual view; right: posterior view.
