Vörös A. szerk.: Fragmenta Mineralogica Et Palaentologica 16. 1993. (Budapest, 1993)

Lagurus occurs together with the jerboa (Allactaga jaculus). This co-occurrence connects the Tokod fauna with faunas of two other Hungarian localities both from stratigraphical and paleozoogeographical points of view: with the Lambrecht Kálmán Cave (Riss-Würm Interglacial) and with the above mentioned Subalyuk Cave. Both localities are situated in the Bükk Mountains (N-Hungary). In the Subalyuk material the percentage of Lagurus is strikingly high, while at the Lambrecht Cave this value is much lower. Furthermore, warm-indicator species are absent at Subalyuk and present at the Lambrecht Cave. All these suggest, that the fauna of the locality at Tbkod is nearer to the fauna of the Lambrecht Cave in age. The remains of the southern birch mouse (Sicista cf. subtilis) fit well to the forested-steppe fauna. Two species are living recently in the European region: the northern birch mouse [Sicista betulina (Pallas)] and the southern birch mouse [S. subtilis (Pallas)]. The former's habitats are the northern woodlands, birch copses, in Central Europe it occurs especially in the mountains. The latter is living more southerly, mainly on steppes and on dry woodlands (but not in the mountains). This fact also confirm the probability, that the birch mouse finds from Tokod belong to the Sicista subtilis. This is supported by some morphological characters too, because of which I ranged them to this species: the pattern of the crowns is not complicated; at the transversal cone-pairs the saggittally extending, little enamel columnets (generally characteristic to the S. betulina) are absent, (though this crown-pattern is rather varied, so we cannot say more than S. subtilis shows a trend towards a more simple, while S. betulina towards a more complex crown morphology) (Jánossy 1953, p. 421). I measured the length of the posterior conepair (hypolophid) on the second lower molars, and - comparing them with the data of Jánossy (1953, p. 422) - also the measurements fall into the S. subtilis size-category (Table 6). MACROMAMMALS In what follows I deal with the more important members of the macromammal fauna. Carnivora The bear finds - except a phalanx III from layer 6 - are teeth, more than the half of them is deciduous. In the material the cave bear (Ursus spelaeus) is dominant, but there are two smaller teeth (a lower deciduous canine and a lower incisor: I2), which are probably brown bear (Ursus arctos) remains. From among the most significant Riss-Würm faunas in Hungary, the olders - as Süttő and Porlyuk Cave - are characterized by the brown bear finds. In the case of Süttő, which is not far from Tokod, we are allowed to rule out the zoogeographical differences, i.e. we have to suppose stratigraphical difference. In the Lambrecht Cave (younger RissWürm) the cave bear is the dominant species (approximately two-third part of the bear remains). There is only one sure lion remain in the material, a right upper canine from layer 4. (There is another, uncertain find, a deciduous upper incisor from layer 5.) On the basis of the measurements the tooth differs from the older, Middle Pleistocene forms and fall into the Late Pleistocene Leo spelaeus size-category (Table 7).