Vörös A. szerk.: Fragmenta Mineralogica Et Palaentologica 12. 1985. (Budapest, 1985)

In the Banat the basalts were recognized in the Lucare^-Sanovi^a region and on the Sumeg Hill south of the Gataia locality; the volcanic activity showed a mixed character, preponderantly effusive. The eruptions unfolded during the Pleistocene had been started by the Lipova-Sumeg fracture NESW which played an essential part in the formation of the Pannonian depression. In the northern part of the Poiana Rusca Mts, crystalline formations and their sedimentary covering (Cretaceous and Badenian) have been crossed probably in the Pleistocene in the fractured zone of W-E direction by numerous small-sized bodies of sill, dyke and column types.These rocks are assigned to nepheline basanites, nephelinitic basanites, nepheline basalts (Herepeia, Radulesti, Fagatel). Over the Metaliferi Mts basaltic andésites occur in the Detunata area and in the Mures Valley (Magura Sirbi, Magura Brejii). In these sectors the basaltic andésites constitute intrusions and represent probably one of the last magmatic manifestations. In the Câlimani Mts the basaltic andésites occupy more important areas in comparison with other regions. The volcanic activity displayed effusive, intrusive and explosive forms. The eruptions took place during two phases; in the course of the Pontian and the Pliocene. So far some small-sized volcanoes of central type were identified, as well as intrusions of dyke and sill type, especially in the southern part of the massif. Some volcanoes are exclusively built up of basaltic andésites; in other situations these rocks represent the last eruptions constituting either the upper lava flows or only the necks. This position of basaltic andésites obviously argues for their location as the last product in the sequence of eruptions. The most important basalt eruptions occurred in the terminal part of the eruptive chain from the inner part of the East Carpathians, over the western area of the Persani Mts (Racosul de Jos, Bogata, Mateias, Comana); the eruption took place in the Pleistocene, with lavas and pyroclastics being erupted. Both the basaltic and the andesite-basaltic volcanism have each displayed different manifestation forms in various regions. The basaltic andésites from the Metaliferi Mts and the Câlimani Mts belong to the Pliocene subduction process. In the Pleistocene, after the end of the Tertiary tectogenesis, the intraplate basaltic volcanism took place in the Persani Mts, the Mures zone and the Banat. The rising of alkali olivine basalt magmas was favoured by crustal fractures. Fig. 2 Diagram of Bellini et al. (1981) for basaltic andésites and basalts of Transylvania and Bánát. 1 = Bánát, 2 = Poiana rusca, 3 = Persani Mts., 4 = Calimani Mts., 5 = Metaliferi (Erdélyi Érchegység)