O. Merkl szerk.: Folia Entomologica Hungarica 68. (Budapest, 2007)

Xylosandrus germanus - a genetic evidence (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) 101 DISCUSSION Fifty two known species belong to the genus Xylosandrus REITTER, 1913. Most of them are native to the tropical and subtropical Southeast Asia. Five species can be found in North America (but four of them are introduced) and only one (also introduced), X. germanus in Europe (WOOD & BRIGHT 1992). The closest genus is Xyleborus ElCHHOFF, 1864, which is shown also by several Xylosandrus species which were described first as Xyleborus species (also Xylosandrus germanus). Some species of the genus, e.g. Xylosandrus mutilatus (BLANDFORD, 1894), are investigated more in details (KAJIMURA & HlJII 1992, 1994), but most of them are poorly known. The detailed description of body characters are presented by PFEFFER (1995) and WOOD & BRIGHT ( 1992). The main differences between male and female beetles are typical as usual for all Xyleborini. The flying female is 2.0-2.3 mm, while the flightless male is spheroid and 1.0-1.8 mm large. Both the body characters and gallery structures are similar to Xyleborus dispar (FABRICIUS, 1792), which is one of the most common Xyleborini in Hungary, but the body size is smaller by X. germanus. The typical gallery is a so called "family hole", where all the adults and progeny are feeding on the ambrosia fungi. The most typical features are the toothpick like sawdust protruding from the entry holes. Fig. 1. Neighbour joining tree of the investigated Xylosandrus germanus (BLANDFORD, 1894) individuals and Xylosandrus mancus (BLANDFORD, 1894) sequences as an outgroup (Tamura-Nei parameter) available in the GenBank. Bootstrap values are given at nodes 0.02