S. Mahunka szerk.: Folia Entomologica Hungarica 57. (Budapest, 1996)
alkaline solonchak soil (Lepidio-Festucetum pseudovinae). There are saline marshes (Bolboschoenetum maritimi continentale) in the deeper parts. All the higher drier, more sandy areas are covered by plots of cultivated plants (alfalfa, wheat). Not far from the edge of this "puszta" there are three large sheep-pens, where ca two thousand sheep are kept. Vértesboglár, Nagy-legelő (below VB): 150-200 m a.s.l., dolomite ground soil, hillside dry pasture on shallow, densely stony chernozem soil (Cynodonto-Festucetum pseudovinae). This sheep-run is located on an exposed wide dry hilltop and so it is completely dry from as early as the beginning of summer in almost every year. The number of sheep grazing this pasture is highly varied: there were more than 1000 sheep in 1992 but transferred or slaughtered in that summer. The number of the new flock was only 200 to 300 in 1993; they produced less dung than required for our study so we had to give up sampling in 1993 there. Zámoly, Forráspuszta (below FP): 100-150 m a.s.l., dolomite ground layer, shallow chernozem soil, so-called "dry hillside sheep-run" (Cynodonto-Festucetum pseudovinae), with large patches of other vegetation (Lolio-Potentilletum anserinae) on deeper, somewhat more humid places. The sheep-run at Forráspuszta is a deeper flatter area with better water supply yearly and it becomes dry later during summertime than that of Vértesboglár. This sheep-run was grazed by some 500 sheep in 1992; the farm was sold and the new owner kept horses, ca 150 cattle and ca two dozens of sheep there from 1993. This is why the sampling was not recommenced in 1993. In each case 16 (4 X 4) 0.1 m~ pan traps of indefinite (dull creamy) colour were exposed in a 30x30 m equidistant square-network for three hours in one sampling (oriented to the wind direction). Water with some detergent was used; insects were filtered out and preserved in 70% alcohol for study. The numbering of the traps was as follows: 13 14 15 16 » end 12 11 10 09 « 05 06 07 08 » 04 03 02 01 « start A direction of the wind The exposition time was always 3 hours (usually 11 a.m. to 2 p.m.). Air temperature just on the ground and at a depth of 5 cm were measured in °C. The direction of the wind was identified and wind speed was always measured at 3 m height (supposedly the height of air-borne minute dung inhabiting flies). At Zámoly, Forráspuszta 3 sample series in 1992, at Vértesboglár 6 sample series in 1992-93, while at Kunszentmiklós 6 series in 1991-92, 8 series in 1993 and 7 sample series in 1994 were collected (one series per day). When coding the samples two or three letters for the site (i.e., FP, VB and KSZ) and two numerals each for the year, month and day were given. An analysis of variance of the total abundance of flies in 4 traps each ("front": No. 01-04, "back": No. 13-16, "right": No. 01, 08, 09, 16, "left": No. 04, 05, 12, 13 and "centre": No. 06, 07, 10, 11 was performed.
