S. Mahunka szerk.: Folia Entomologica Hungarica 57. (Budapest, 1996)

manian Plain: Címpia Romána; Dobrudja: Podi§ul Dobrogei, etc.); the lowlands, hills and lower mountainous regions influenced by the sub-Mediterranean climate of the nearby Balkan Mountains — Carabus graniger var. sczobroniensis Géhin, 1885 [Carabus semistriatus sczobroniensis Géhin, 1885] I designate Carabus auratus Linnaeus, 1761 as the type species of Tachypus Weber, 1801 (the originally included species are: Carabus coriaceus Linnaeus, 1758; C. hortensis Linnaeus, 1758; C. auratus Linnaeus, 1761; Tachypus vinctus Weber, 1801; T. caelatus Weber, 1801). As Autocarabus Seidlitz, 1887 has the same type (fixed by Seidlitz, 1887, by monotypy), consequently, this name becomes a junior objective synonym of Tachypus. It has been supposed by several writers that the name Leja Dejean, 1821 (a subgenus of the genus Bembidion Latreille, 1802) is based on the type species Carabus sturmii Panzer, 1803 (a junior subjective synonym of C. octomaculatus Goeze, MIT), as it was designated by Duponchel (in d'Orbigny 1842). If this species were the type, then the name Leja Dejean, 1821 would be the senior subjective synonym of Trépanes Motschulsky, 1864. The type is, however, Carabus biguttatus Fabricius, 1779 (fixed by Hope, 1838, by subsequent designation). Hope considered the names Leja Dejean, 1821 and Philochthus Stephens, 1828 as objective synonyms, and designated the type species for both taxa simultaneously. I designate Carabus quadriguttatus Fabricius, 1775 (a junior subjective synonym of Cicindela quadrimaculata Linnaeus, 1761) as the type species of Tachys Schönherr, 1806 (the originally included species are: Elaphrus elegáns Weber, 1801; Carabus ustus Quensel, 1806; C. modestus Fabricius, 1801; C. quadriguttatus Fabricius, 1775; C. quadrinotatus Panzer, 1800; C subglobosus Paykull, 1790; C. quadripustulatus Fabricius, 1781; C ustulatus Linnaeus, 1758; Cicindela rupestris Linnaeus, 1767; Carabus biguttatus Fabricius, 1779; C. guttula Fabricius, 1792; C. smaragdulus Fabricius, 1798; C. bipunctatus Linnaeus, 1761; C. celer Fabricius, 1792; C. velocipes Rossi, 1792; Elaphrus rufipes Illiger, 1801; Carabus minutus Fabricius, 1792; C. doris Panzer, 1797; C pygmaeus Fabricius, 1792; C. tempestivus Panzer, 1800; C. sturmii Panzer, 1803; Elaphrus ruficollis Panzer, 1797; E. pallidipennis Illiger, 1802). As Bembidion Latreille, 1802 has the same type (fixed by Crotch, 1870, by subsequent designation), consequently, this name becomes a senior objective synonym of Tachys Schönherr, 1806. Most of the previous applications (and type designations) of Tachys have been based on the assumption that this name was published by Stephens (1828), or still earlier (without a formal description) by Dejean (1821). However, Tachys was published earliest, without a formal description, by Melsheimer (1806) and by Schönherr (1806). It is not necessary to decide the priority of these works, because all the specific names included in Tachys of Melsheimer are not available (nomina nuda). Therefore, the generic name with that date and author is also not available. None of the species relegated to Tachys by Stephens or by Dejean was originally included in Tachys of Schönherr. All the species in Schönherr'

s work now belong to the genus Bembidion (in a wider sense), to the tribe Bembidiini, while the species in Stephens's and in Dejean's work now are assigned occupied by C. irregularis var. moutandoni Buysson, 1882) and that of C. violaceus vlascanus Born, 1909, respectively. Carabus semistriatus sczobroniensis and C. ulrichii comanensis Born, 1902, collected in Romania, at Orsova, Mt. Alion, also possess some transitional characters, resembling either C. semistriatus sciticus or C. semistiatus graniger, or C. ulrichii fastuosus Palliardi, 1825, respectively.