S. Mahunka szerk.: Folia Entomologica Hungarica 56. (Budapest, 1995)

Hemiberlesia rapax (Comstock, 1883) - On the leaves of an unidentified bush, 19. 10. 1993, Lisboa, females, F-l (4194). Lepidosaphes ulmi (Linnaeus, 1758) - Celtis occidentalism on the branches, 21. 10. 1993, Évora, dead females, F-l (4205). Mytilaspis conchiformis (Gmelin, 1789) - Ulmus sp., on the branches, 22. 10. 1993, Lisboa (Monsanto), female, male scales on the leaves, F-3 (4197). Targionia vitis (Signorét, 1876) - Quercus ilex, on the trunk, 21. 10. 1993, Monsaraz, females, F-l (4211 ). * Unaspis citri (Comstock, 1881) - 23. 2. 1889, Vila Nova de Gaia (coll. by A. C. F. Morgan, from the collection of the British Museum of Natural History). Unaspis euonymi (Comstock, 1881) - Euonymus japonica, on the branches and leaves, 21. 10. 1993, Évora, females, males, F-3 (4207). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Our collecting of scale insects in Continental Portugal yielded 30 scale insect species from 7 families. From the collected species 12 are new to the scale insect fauna of Continental Portugal, so the total number of known species from Portugal is 99. The scale insect fauna of this country seems to be very complex. Even in this small survey we could find rare Atlantic and boreal species: B. scirpi and P. gracilis, and the Mediterranean species K. rubra and R. maritima. Widely distributed Euro-Siberian species are numerous, e.g. P.fraxini, A. quercicola, T. perrisii. We could also find a high number of cosmopolitan species as P. affinis, C. rusci, C. hesperidum, S. oleae, several of which were distributed in natural habitats and on local host plants, too. According to this picture, and to the species number data of other Mediterranean countries, it is our strong belief that the scale insect fauna of Portugal shall have more than 200 species among them several important pest species needing further intensive studies. Acknowledgements - We wish to express our gratitude to Dr. David Hollis for his permission to include into our paper yet unpublished data from the collection of British Museum of Natural History (London). We should like to thank Eng. M. T. Vasconcelos (Instituto Superior de Agronómia, Lisboa), and Dr. P. Solymosi (Plant Protection Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest) for the identification of some plants, and for the slide mounting of the scale insects to Zs. Konczné Benedicty. Thanks are also due to Eng. J. M. Guimaräes, for his help on the literature, and to Eng. J. Passos de Carvalho and Dr. A. Mexia for reviewing and making valuable comments on the manuscript. The work was financed partly by the National Scientific Research Fund (OTKA grant Nos 1433 and 12980). REFERENCES Balachowsky, A. S. (1954): Les Cochenilles Paléarctiques de la tribu des Diaspidini. - Institut Pasteur, Paris, 450.