S. Mahunka szerk.: Folia Entomologica Hungarica 54. (Budapest, 1993)

10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 0.816 0.638 0.432 0.346 0.515 0.563 0.656 0.538 0.605 0.034 0.007 0.029 0.052 0.044 0.014 0.007 0.021 0.018 0.142 0.340 0.368 0.231 0.323 0.285 0.272 0.412 0.322 0.008 0.015 0.035 0.063 0.118 0.138 0.065 0.029 0.055 0.259 0.326 0.412 0.448 0.480 0.44 0.366 0.383 0.391 The data in Table 1 reveal that samples were collected from foliage of trees of greatly varying ages in the biotopes of the town. The thinner needle foliage of the younger trees, and the thicker foliage of the older ones mean divergent habitat structures for spiders, which can be indicated primarily by their size variances (Gunnarsson 1988, 1990). Since it cannot be excluded that when comparing the different biotopes, these habitat structure differences may also result in differences in characteristics, I thought it important to examine the following: Is there a correlation a/ between the age of the spruce trees and the species richness of the foliage community? b/ between the age of the spruce trees and the relative frequency of the dominant families and guilds? c/ between the age of the trees and the species and guild diversities? Out of the above relations, I found correlation between the age of the trees and the species richness (r = 0.69 p,01). In the other cases that I examined I could not find any assessible correlation. The guilds of the two dominant taxons: the space web building Theridiidae family, and the ambushing crab spiders (Thomisidae, Philodromidae) make up (on the basis of their number of specimens), on an average - 70% of the spruce-living spiders. With the age (trunk diameter) of the trees varying, the frequency of neither of the taxons showed any correlation (Theridiidae r=0.102 N. S.), Thomisidae, Philodromidae r=0.13 N. S.). Similarly, I did not find any correlation between the species - and guild diversity of the samples, and the age of the trees, respectively (in the case of Hs r=0.23 N. S., with Hg r=0.35 N. S.). Of the correlations I last examined the relation of the spruce-living spiders characteristics (d, Hs, E, Hg) and the heavy metal load, which was measured in the pine needle analysis. The data of the 6 biotopes examined in this relation are summed up in Table 5. Involved in the examination were trees standing in suburban area, along roads with restricted traffic, as well as trees in most polluted areas with industry and heavy traffic. Correlation examinations did not show correlations between the species richness (d) and lead burden (r=-0.14N. S.). In the relation of species diversity and lead burden, on the other hand, correlation was found (r- -0.549 N. S.). In the case of guild diversity and lead burden - examined last - I found close correlation (r=-0.906 p.01) (Fig. 5.) In the spider fauna of towns, the small sized anemochor species have a decisive part (Klausnitzer 1987). The abundance can also be explained by their capacity of spreading by way of air. The correlation of the age of the trees and the species diversity of their foliage community can also be interpreted in the same way, as the effectivity of immigration from the nearby biotopes increases with the age of the biotope. The larger foliage surface of older trees Discussion