S. Mahunka szerk.: Folia Entomologica Hungarica 54. (Budapest, 1993)

began only in 1990. Some reports have already been published about the findings, so far mostly faunistic ones (Szinetár et al. 1991, Szinetár 1992a, b, c). In 1991 we started the examination of the green areas of Szombathely (West Hungary). Samples were collected from 18 places selected in advance. The surveying of the soil fauna of the biotopes was done within one summer p nod, while the measuring of the spruce foliage of mostly the same biotopes was done both early in summer and in autumn periods. Sampling was continued in a part of the biotopes during 1992 too, and, by using pine-needle analysis, further examinations were done in six biotopes by measuring the environmental load (heavy metals) of the biotopes. In the present paper I analyse some features of spruce-living spiders, and examine them as possible indicators of the quality of environment. Area and methods The location of the examined biotopes, as numbered for the tables, is shown on map 1. I will not dwell upon the circumstances and methods of the 1991 samplings since I gave an account of them in a previous paper (Szinetár 1992a). The analysis of spruce needle samples was done with an MDS (MW) 81 D (600 W) type microwave appliance with concentrated nitric acid. The measurements were made with Thermo Jarell ASH 61 E type I. C. P. device for 1 kilogram dry vegetation matter in the Plant Protection and Agrochemistry Station in Tanakajd. For the analysis of community characteristics of spruce-living spiders, and for the examination of their relation to environmental conditions, the following methods of calculation were used. 1. Species richness To calculate species richness in the samples taken from certain biotopes and the regions of the town (inner town I, inner town II, suburb) I used Margaleff's index. d=(S-l) /In N, where S is the numberof species found in the biotope, N is the numberof individuals (Ruzicka 1986). 2. Species diversity and evenness I calculated species diversity with the Shannon-Wiener index. Hs = - Ű pi log pi, where pi is the relative frequency of the i - th species, that is pi = ni/N, ni is the number of individuals. Evenness was calculated with E = H/log S formula / (logS = Hmax). 3. Stating the guild-structure of the spider community For the structural analysis of community, relying on some authors' works, I applied the guild classification which, first of all, takes into consideration the preying habits (the type of catchweb) and the time of day related activity (Balogh and Loksa 1948, Post and Riechert 1977, Haskins and Shaddy 1986, Corey and Taylor 1989, Bishop and Riechert 1990). 4. The analysis of seasonal guild-structure on the basis of summer (June) and autumn ( October) samplings I examined the relative frequency of the individual guilds and families in relation to the examination periods, and the regions of the town, respectively gi is the relative frequency of the i th guild, that is the quotiens of the total number of specimens of species forming the guild and the total number of specimens of the sample. 5. Guild diversity examination In accordance to the species diversity, they were calculated on the basis of the relative frequency of guilds (Hg = - Ú gi log gi). 6. Correlation examinations in the following relations a, frequency of families - regions of the town b, species richness - average trunk diameter of the examined spruce trees (henceforth trunk diameter)