S. Mahunka szerk.: Folia Entomologica Hungarica 53. (Budapest, 1992)

Figs 173-192. Empoascanara (s. str.) plagialis (Jaczewski): 173-178; E. (s. str.) shewelli Dworakowska: 179, 180, 179 - hind part of pygofer lobe; E. (s. str.) sonani (Matsumura): 181-192, 191 - female 7th abdominal sternite Empoascanara (s. str.) sonani (Matsumura, 1931) (Figs 181-192) This species is very closely related to E. (s. str.) kotoshonis (Matsumura). The discussion of the differing characters is given above. E. sonani prefers open habitats feeding mostly on grasses but utilizing also various species of plants of the Compositae family and tolerates more arid conditions than E. kotoshonis. Length d 2.25-2.5 (x) 2.38 n=47, 9 2.30-2.60 (x) 2.44 mm, n=46. 64 dd, 34 9 9, Taiwan, Taipei, lawn on NTU Campus, 8. VIII; 1 <J, 3 99, harvested corn field; 1 dd, 2 9 9, grasses among crops; 4 dó*, 1 9, Lotong nr Ilan, Wedelia trilobata (Compositae), 11. VIII; 2 9 9, a spice vegetable (Compositae) in a garden; 2 9 9, Suzuto, 9 km E of Puli, 600 m, roadside grasses, 24. VIII; 1 d, 3