Dr. Papp Jenő szerk.: Folia Entomologica Hungarica 24/1-23. (Budapest, 1971)

however, considerably influenced by the presumably complete "cleansing"of the bed and its adjacent parts by the immense body of water rushing down in it during the monsoon period. The island Nung pa-do, situated in the confines of the capital, is also worthy of note; cultivated only partly, it too is suitable for some zoological collecting (Nos. 16-21; 35-37; 133). The mountainous district of the wider Pyongyang area is characterized by sharp configurations: steep slopes, sharp ranges, and pointed peaks. A part of the mountains is covered by contiguous but young (10-15 years old) forests; in other parts, the extremely deteriorated young pine woods and secondary shrubbery with sparse undergrowth speak of the destructions of recent times. Discounting the short monsoon period, the area is characteristically dry. Unfortunately, the unfettered application of chemical insecticides took its toll on the fauna also in this area; impoverishing and decimating it to a great extent; as characteristic of its measure, a strong smell (!) of DDT can be felt everywhere. The coniferous stand of the woods consists of the young, sparse pine trees mentioned above, the deciduous trees are represented by oak

,hornbeam, and ash; the lower parts are in many places covered by the introduced false acacia. A peculiar feature of the mountainous area is the scarcity of springs. This might be explained by the seasonality and small water flow of the springs; dry and overhanging stony banks reveal their beds and refer to the drainage of also larger periodic waters. The yield of the few but constantly flowing springs is collected in reservoirs in suitable valleys; the most important one is the - also navigable - Sa-gam po, NE of Pyongyang. Despite the fact that most of them are also used for pisciculture, the reservoire are carefully tended, their waters used for the irrigation of paddyfields

,their shores regularly cleaned and. protected by stone walls, the wider margins transformed into parks. We have also observed a number of smaller lakes without natural drainage in the mountains - especially in the immediate neighbourhood of Pyongyang; they represented relati-