Folia archeologica 53.
András Markó: The Upper Palaeolithic Site at Szob
20 MARKÓ ANDRÁS The coniform microblade cores, sometimes transformed and interpreted as tools are not unique in the Epigravettian period. 3 4 The pieces of Szob were made on globular nodules (obsidian) or pebbles (radiolarite) and were exhausted by lamellar removings 011 the site. The bladelets of the assemblages excavated before the World War II may have been lost the same way as the majority of the material, or they could have been transported from the site also. The parallels of the bone tools of Szob mentioned by Gábori are the artefacts from the Gravettian site of Langenlois. 3 5 As it was discussed earlier, modified mammoth bones were published from the Epigravettian period (Grubgraben and in Esztergom - Gyurgyalag), however, the strict contemporaneity of the sites and these bones should be checked by direct dating methods, similar to the mentioned case of Szeged-Othalom. Hearths with deepened and burned bottom (Ságvár, Mogyorósbánya 3 6), occasionally with stone structure (Alka, Grubgraben 3 7) were reported from other sites of the Epigravettian period. The shell-mould lined around by andesite slabs, however, is unique according to our best knowledge. Collecting activity of contemporaneous (Riparo Mochi in Liguria, Italy 3 8) or fossil (Wiesbaden - Igstadt in Germany 3 9) mollusc remains were reported from several Upper and Late Palaeolithic sites; in the Gravettian level of the Certova pec cave (Slovakia) 4 0 workshop for producing trinkets were excavated. CONCLUSIONS Based on the typological examinations, after Ságvár, Madaras and Mogyorósbánya Szob is considered as the fourth site of the Pebble Gravettian or Ságvárian circle, and - at least the assemblage of the last excavation - can be dated to the younger oscillation of the mini interstadial, more or less to the same period as the upper layer of Ságvár. The absolute dominance of the local pebble raw materials and the chips in the assemblage excavated by Gábori (Tab. 5.) points out to the workshop character of this site. However, in the case of the good quality raw material types and suitable form of the pebbles, the ratio of this technological group is relatively low. Generally, in the case of the red radiolarite, nummulithic chert and some hydrothermal raw materials the whole sequence of pebble working could be reconstructed by refittings. Others, like mauve coloured radiolarite and some limnic quartzite pebble types were only partly worked: the presence of the core preparation flakes of the former and the cortical blanks of the later ones shows that the pieces were exported from the excavated territory (a special publication in this topic is in preparation). The hearth with stone structure excavated in the lower layer before the Word War II can suggest for a more stabile settlement. This, together with the colourful raw material spectra with imported pieces from eastern direction, and especially the presence of the obsidian, seems to be different from the assemblage excavated bv M. Gábori. Because we have only insufficient information concerning the upper ••M VÉRTES 1962, 153; MONTET-WHITE 1990, Kg. IX—4; SVOBODA 1991, »br. 23:12; DOBOSI 2000: Fig. 4. 3 5 FEUIENHAUER 1974, 2-3. » GÁBORI-GÁBOR 1958, 19-20; GÁBORI 1959, 3-4; DOBOSI 1992. « VÉRTES 1962, 145, Taf. IX. 3; BRANDTNER 1990, 22. з» STINER 1999. » TERBERGER 1998, 416-418. № BÁRTA 1972, 79; 1974, 24.
