Folia archeologica 47.

István Vörös: A Denevér úti kovabánya agancsleletei (Budapest-Farkasrét)

FOLIA ARCHAEOLOGICA XLVII. 1998-1999. BUDAPEST ANTLERS FROM THE PREHISTORIC FLINT MINE AT DENEVÉR STREET (BUDAPEST - FARKASRÉT) István VÖRÖS I. Introduction The Denevér street is a narrow, steep valley of ca. N-S direction, running along the W side of Márton hill in the Farkasrét (district XII. of capital Budapest in its Buda part). In the E side of the lower part of the street - between the streets Szúnyog and Bürök - the hill side is going to run already for several decades in its about 70 m long section. Because of slump and ladslides by now the steep hill side is situated already at a 10-12 m' s distance from the present road, therefore creating a huge natural exposure of Triassic formations. Antler and flint pieces are known from the crumbling wall of the exposure since the sixrties. At the springtime of 1984 Szvoboda, Zsolt had collected an antler implement (a mining pick) and a few „flint pieces" which he gave to the experts of the Hungarian Geological Institute. Because the finds were collected within the territory of Budapest, Bácskay, Erzsébet and T. Bíró, Katalin (HGI) handed over the finas to the Budapest Historical Museum (BTM). Realizing the significance of the finds Gábori-Csánk, Vera and Gábori, Miklós started excavations in the site already in the May and June of that year and continued the excavations also in 1985 and 1987. The site (mining field) is situated in the above-mentioned section of the Devenér street at an altitude of 266-272 m above sea level. The basis of the minnig field („side-valley") of tectonic origin is situated 6-7 m above the present niveau of the street. The largest width of the wide V-shaped filling is 7-8 m, its vertical height is 6-7 m. Stratigraphical conditions are extremely complicated within this mining field, encircled by dolomite walls of different condition (the dolomite is hard in the N parts of the walls while it is crumbling in the S part). The mining field has heterogeneous layers and marterials: wedging out and intercalating layers with convex and concave surfaces, with a dip of S and W direction cut through by „fissures, gashes" of N-S and of E-W direction. The infilling of the mining field consists first of all of the weathered product of dolomite of local origin mixed with flint detritus, besides also of „yellow, yellowish red, yellowish brown, reddishbrown" sand; of soil lenses washed in: of red Pannonian red sandstone pieces from the top of the hill, etc. During the three campaigns numerous antler-fragments, quartzite pebbles of non local origin (!) with 5-10-20 em's diameter used as „hammerstones" and some extremely bad quality flint cores and flakes were collected.

1 1 Gábori-Csánk 1989, 18.