Folia archeologica 47.

Balázs Gusztáv Mende: Tiszaföldvár - Téglagyár csontanyaga

FOLIA ARCHAEOLOGICA XLVII. 1998-1999. BUDAPEST HUMAN BONE REMAINS FROM TISZAFÖLDVÁR-TÉGLAGYÁR Balázs Gusztáv MENDE Archaeological Institute of the HAS Introduction During the excavation of the Sarmatian settlement and cemetery TiszaföldvárTéglagyár, 6 Neolithic graves were also found. The bone material of the graves, together with graves of other archaeological periods, was transported to the Archaeological Institute for scientific elaboration

1

. Of the six Neolithic graves described in the field notes, five could be authenticated on the basis of grave numbers and drawings

2

. Bones were found in fragmentary and poor state of preservation. On the bones from Graves 1984/41 and 1986/42a, traces of red ochre painting could be observed. This treatment indicates some cultic backgrounds. Determination of age and gender was made according to routine practice

3

. Dimensions of the skulls are presented in Table 1., data on measurable long bones are given in Table 2. Measurements were taken and evaluated according to standard methods

4

. Description of the bones Grave 1981/98: 40-50 years old woman Fragmentary, incomplete skull and fragmentary skeletal bones. On the fragments of the pelvis, some deep and clear sulcus praeauricularis can be observed. The masculine character of the occipital region is apparent. On both sides, arthritic deformation of the sacroiliacal joints. The abrasion of the remaining lower right side PM2 and M

1-2 are intensive, in accordance with faciès symphysialis stage 3. Grave 1983/101: cca. 30-50 years old man (?) Skull missing (it was originally present as seen on the grave drawing), the long bones are fragmented, medium state of preservation, measurable. The sulcus praeauricularis is the width of a line. On the lumbar region, the sacralisation of the L5 vertebra and deficient ending of the arch can be observed. The left side acetabulum is unusually deep, however, without pathological alterations. 1 The bone material was conservated and studied, partly, by I. Kiszely, who later resigned from the scientific analyses of the finds. 2 Material from one of the graves could not be found. 3 For the determination of gender, see Ery-Kralovánszky-Nemeskéri 1963, 41:90, for the determination of age at the time of death, see Nemeskéri-Harsányi-Acsádi 1960, 71-88 and Ferembach-SchwidetzkyStoukal 1979, 1-32. 4 Dimensions were taken according to Martin-Sailer 1957 431-447, skull dimensions were evaluated according to the system of Alekseiev-Debec 1964, 112-127, height data by Sjovold 199, 431-447.