Folia archeologica 46.
Csongrádiné Balogh Éva: A ságvári késői felsőpaleolit lelőhely tipológiai és statisztikai vizsgálata
46 CSONGRÁDI NÉ BALOGH ÉVA Another difference is the conspicuously high quantity of backed microliths in the lower culture layer or the appearance of a stanaart "pièce esquillée" type in the upper culture layer. There is a difference between the distribution of scraper and burin types as well, since in the lower culture layer polygonal burins are the dominant types while in the upper culture layer angular burins appear in greatest number. We can observe differences also in the dimensions of senu-processed and finished blades and in those of the tools made of these baldes. The technological characteristics of the lithic tool materials are almost identical in the lower and upper culture layers of Ságvár site. At the same time there are important numerical differences between the typological compositions of the two industries. Technological characteristics of both industries are determined by the use of pebble as raw material for tools. The above-mentioned observations make us to draw the following conclusion: The s.s. lithic industries of the two culture layers represent a modified version of Gravettian not only within the large Gravettian cultural complex but also as compared with each other. Differences in the typological composition of the materials of the two layers suggest that activity in the upper culture layer had somewhat changed comparing to the lower culture layer. In the lower culture layer scrapers and burins occur in an almost identical rate while in the upper culture layer scrapers occur in more than double amount. Backed blades occur in considerably higher quantity in the lower culture layer than in the upper culture layer. Supposedly the population of the lower culture layer practized a more intensive hunting, and together with it, also a more intensive butchering, meatprocessing activity, than the population of the upper culture layer. In the upper culture layer specialized hunting as basic activity, survived, but considering the greater quantity of scrapers the role of hide processing, as a more stationary activity, had increased. Within the Late Upper Paleolithic of Hungary Ságvár site, considering the threefold chronological and cultural system elaborated by Viola T. Dobosi 4 7 (Ságvár, Madaras, Mogyorósbánya) 4 8 belongs to the unit of younger blade industry, well discernible both technologically and typologicaly. And giving a cultural classification we must not forget that the industry of both culture layers used pebble raw material which adds a characterist local appearance for the Ságvár archeological material. On the basis of the above-mentioned facts according to our opinion instead of (or besides) the generally accepted terminus technicus, i.e. Sagvarian, the so-called "pebble-Gravettian" suggested by Viola T. Dobosi 4 9 would be a much more fitting name to denote the so-called s.l. industries of both culture layers of the Sagvár site and the wohe site itself as well. As we have mentioned before besides a technological identity, which is due to the use of pebble raw material, in the typological sphere there are definite numerical differences among the rates of the different types between the s.s. industries of the two culture layers. We interpret these differences not as the results of cultural change but as those of some modifications took place in the way of life within the same cultural unit. Éva Csongrádiné Balogh
