Folia archeologica 39.
Viola T. Dobosi - Béla Jungbert - Árpád Ringer - István Vörös: Öskőkori telep Nadapon
16 VIOLA T. DOBOSI —BÉLA JUNGBERT — ÁRPÁD RINGER —ISTVÁN VÖRÖS archaeological work, ensures at the same time, the safety of the territory. Our observations are of topographic value, which may perhaps be important in respect to the Late Bronze Age hoard from Nadap. 2 Block С was opened over the slightly visible trace of a pit in the wall of the quarry. It probably belonged to the Neolithic, and in the vicinity we have collected some non-Bronze Age sherds undistinctive in nature (Fig. 1, 2). Parallelly with the excavations, raw material collecting tours were made in the Velence hill range, together with Iv.T.Bíró and K. Simán. Samples were collected from the known quarzite occurances for the Lithoteca in the Hungarian National Museum. We had several opportunities to consult with specialists in the Hungarian Geological Institute working on the exploration of the Velence hill range, especially about the possibilities of reconstructing the original relief. The excavation of the first authentic open-air palaeolithic settlement added new data to the results of the exploratory work carried out under I. Horváth's leadership. 1986—1987. Sand exploitation continues and the territory was disturbed several times. Soil was redeposited and the pits were filled with debris. I.Homola and J.Bauer collected further scattered finds (flakes and a horse tooth) on their field surveys, which they handed over to the collection of the Hungarian National Museum. The finds belong to the palaeolithic settlement. STRATIGRAPHY, CHRONOLOGY (Árpád RINGER) On the northern slope of Meleg-hill in Nadap the granite and the granite rubble is covered by a few meters of Pannonian (Miocene) sand, followed by 5 — 8 meters thick upper pleistocene loess, which gets thicker towards the foot of the valley. A characteristically derasional, dry valley deepens in this so-called Dunaújváros-Tápiósüly type loess complex, sometimes until the granite, retreating gradually during its development towards the summit of Meleg-hill in an approximately north-south direction. At the entrance of the derasional valley, on the •surface disturbed by the quarry, a loess section could be recorded in two wellproportioned profiles, which complete each other (Fig. 3). A derasionally redeposited slope loess, mixed with soil sediment can be found, sometimes intercalated with rubble cords on the bottom of the layer series, between the underlying Pannonian sand and the loess layer containing the cultural level. These rubble intercalations are traces of solifluctional-gelifluctional slope proccesses, which may be associated with a periglacial climate with temporarily growing outfall quantity. The cultural layer, at the same time, can be found in a slope loess, deposited later in a steadily dry, cool climate. Above it, in the middle section of the whole loess sequence, two charcteristic humus horizons, H l 5 H 2, well-known in Hungarian loess research, 3 or an embriónál soil developed. The H- humus horizon has a 2 Mozsolics, A. 1985. 151. 3 Pécsi, M. 1975 218-219, 1982. Hahn, Gy. 1977
