Folia archeologica 38.
Viola T. Dobosi - István Vörös: A Pilisszántó I. sz. kőfülke revíziója
A MF.SOLIT HIC AUROCHS SKELETON 69 3. R e suit s 3.1. Skull, mandibles (Fig. 1.1.Д) The skull is medium long; the barin-case (neurocranium) is low and wide. The fossa temporalis is medium wide. In the nuchal region the interparietale (distance between the protub. occipit. externa— A) is high: 85 mm. The frontal ridge is straight. The horn-core is long, its wall is thick. Its basal cross-secton is oval; there is a wide stripe of pears on it. Thus the frontal ridge is relatively short: only 160 mm! The position of the horn-core is lateral at the base, but further turns diagonally forward and upward. Its tip bends back slightly (initial 3rd spiral). The horn-core is closed. The frontal is relatively short, wide and concave. The orbits are strong, they protrude from the forehead level. The viscerocranial is high, becoming orally narrower. The palate is narrow at the Mol. The nasal bones are wide, its aboral part between Fo-Lmo is highly protuberant. The tuber molar (M) is stongly developed. The upper tooth row is medium long and macrodont. The craniometric data are listed in Table 1., Skull 1. The mandible is long with a strongly bent lower edge. The angulus mandibulae behind the M 3 is long. The ramus mandibulae becomes narrow. The macrodont tooth row is long. For the dimensions of the mandible and upper and lower teeth, see Table 2. The length of the pars stjlohjoidea found together with the mandible is 173 mm, its aboral diameter is 70 mm (Fig. 1.2.). 3.2. Vertebral column (Fig. 1. 4.). Among the cervical vertebrae only the 6th is present. From the row of dorsal vertebrae three pieces are absent. The processus spinosi of the cranial vertebrae are relatively short, wide, ant.-post. bent. There are pathological alterations on the body and on the articulai surfaces of the vertebrae. There are exostoses on the corpora of the 1st, 2nd, 4— 5th and 7th vertebrae. The fossa vertebrae of the 2nd vertebra is deeply grooved; its border is polished. On the 1st and 2nd vertebrae the cranial and transversal surfaces of the left fovea costalis are polished too. The caput of the 4th vertebra, its foveae costales craniales on both sides as well as the cranial surfaces of proc. artic. are worn and already polished, smooth as glass (Fig. 2.1.). The fossa vertebrae is deeply grooved. There are exostoses on the borders of the caput and the fossa vertebrae of the 5th vertebra; there are circular grooves on the fossa vert. There are exostoses on the proc. transversi of the 13th vertebra. The row of lumbar vertebrae is complete but the vertebrae are damaged; traumatic and pathologic alterations can be observed on them. The left proc. transversus of the 1st vertebra had broken off. It is connected to the corpus by a pseudo-articulation. On the arcus of the first 3 vertebrae the incisurae caudales had closed and developed into a foramen. The basis of the right proc. transversus of the 5th vertebra became thick. The surface of the fossa vertebrea of the 6th vertebra is corroded, the chondreus layer is worn and the spongiosa are exposed. The lower-lateral surfaces of both sides proc. artic. caud. are worn. There is a strong exostosis in the lower sufrace of the corpus (Fig. 2.4.).
