Folia archeologica 31.
István Vörös: Zoológiai és palaeoökonómiai vizsgálatok a korai neolitikus Körös kultúra archaeozoologiai anyagán
ARCHAEOZOOI.OGIA 41 from the bones belonging to the adult group, these values can be applied also for the characterization of the body measurements of sheep. The constitution of the sheep individuals of the Körös Culture is uniform; they were low-built animals of small body size. The variability in the body size of the sheep was great. Despite the presumably significant sexual dimorphism we have no data which could be used for the Osteometrie separation of postcranial bones according to sexes. The withers-height of sheep estimated from the length of the long bones by the Teichert method 3 3 are as follows (in mms) : Humerus pieces X min. — max. Szajol-Felsőföld 1 577,8 Radius Szajol-Felsőföld 13 576,0 522,6 - 627,1 Röszke-Ludvár 1 603,0 Metacarpus Szajol-Felsőföld 11 578,7 542,7 - 611,2 Röszke-Ludvár 2 601,4 Maroslele-Pana 1 586,8 Femur Szajol-Felsőföld 1 543,6 Tibia Szajol-Felsőföld 3 580,8 568,8 - 595,9 Metatarsus Szajol-Felsőföld 8 582,6 553,8 - 614,1 Röszke-Ludvár 2 581,1 - 640,4 Maroslele-Pana 1 608,3 On the basis of the length of 37 long bones the average withers-height of the sheep at Szajol-Felsőföld (in mms) is 577; min. 522,6, max. 627,1. It is highly probable that individuals having a withers-height over 600 mms were males. It is characteristic of the horn-core structure of the Early Neolithic sheep in Hungary that males had big, stocky, twisted and outward curving horns triangular in cross-section, while the horns of females were short and strongly flattened like a goat's horn and they were not twisted. 3 4 The females are identified with the hornless sheep and the turbary sheep (Ovis aries palustris Riitimeyer) while the males are identified with the copper sheep (Ovis aries studeri Duers). 3 5 I regard both copper sheep and turbary sheep to be separate spe3 3 Teichert, M., Osteometrische Untersuchungen zur Berechnung der Widerristhöhe bei Schafen. In: Archaeozoological studies. Ed. A.T. Clason. (Amsterdam — Oxford — New York 1975) 63. Table 4. 3 4 Bökönyi, S., op.cit. 1974. 167. 3 5 Ibid.; Id., op.cit. 1977. 14.
