Folia archeologica 27.
István Fodor: Az uráli és finnugor őshaza kérdése (Régészeti áttekintés)
166 I. FODOR 6. Notwithstanding many differences, the above opinions meet in a common point, namely that in the third millennium B. C. the Finno-Ugrians lived on both sides of the Ural. As for the earlier period Chernetsov's notion is affirmed, in my opinion, by recent results. The Uralian original home might have stretched, in its bulk, on the eastern side of the Ural, in West Siberia, roughly on the area spreading from the mountain ridge to the Ob-Irtis line, covered mainly by forests. I am of the opinion that this localization of the original home can be linked best to the notion of P. Hajdú, deducted on the way of linguistical research. According to it in the Uralian and Finno-Ugrian basic language the tree names of the taiga, as spruce (Picea), Siberian pine (Pinus cembra), fir (Abies), larch (Larix) were found without exception, while among the trees of Central European deciduous forest only elm (Ulmus) has a name originating in the Finno-Ugrian period. As the eastern diffusion border of elm met with the western border of the taiga about the sixth millennium B. C. on the northern region of the Ural Mountain, the Uralian original home might have been in the sixth to fourth millennia B. C. between the lower section of the Ob and the Ural. During the third millennium B. C., a part of the population peopled also the Kama valley. 10 5 P. Hajdú's statement, according to which "... it is likely that besides archaeological data also linguistic arguments point to southern connections of the pre-Uralian people", is very important. 10 8 Data yielded by anthropological research do not contradict, either, the theory of Chernetsov and Hajdú about the original home. According to K. Mark ". . .das finnisch-ugrische Urvolk zu den ältesten Formen der uralischen Rasse gehören mußte, da die uralische Rasse allem Anschein nach gerade am Uralgebirge, dem alten Berührungsgebiet zwischen Europiden und Mongoliden entstehen mußte." 10 7 M. S. Akimova added to the above that the scene of an Uralian ethnogenesis is, in all probability, to be restricted to West Siberia. 10 8 V. P. Alekseev recently pointed to the fact that most characteristics of the ancient Uralian race are preserved among the Ob-Ugrians, in first place the Voguls. 10 9 Notions of archaeologists and linguists about the original home do not agree, naturally, in every point, as P. Hajdú puts the Uralian original home to the northern Ural, while Chernetsov assumes its main area about the Central Ural. Recent archaeological data confirm the latter opinion, as sites grow more dense in the forest and wooded grassland - steppe zone of the eastern side of the mountain 11 0 (Fig. 1 ). (In northern regions the population might have been considerably 10 5 Hajdú, P., ActaLing 14(1964) 74.; Id.; Bevezetés ... 9.; Id., Hol volt az uráli őshaza? 130. " , c Id., Bevezetés ... 10. 10 7 Mark, K., Zur Herkunft . . . 91.; Id., Somatologiceskie materialy к problème etnogeneza finno-ugorskih narodov. In: Etnogenez finno-ugorskih narodov po dannym antropologii. (Moskva 1974) 15-16. 10 8 Akimova, M. S., Nekotorye voprosy formirovanija antropoligiceskogo tipa vostocnvh finnov i obskih ugrov. CIFU III. Tezisy II. (Tallinn 1970) 33. 10 9 Alekseev, V. P., Blizkij к sovremennostii kraniologiceskij material po finno-ugorskim narodam, ih rasovaja differenciacija i etnogenz. In: Etnogenez finno-ugorskih narodov po dannym antropologii. (Moskva 1974) 68. 11 0 Bader, О. N., MIA 166. 159-160.
