Folia archeologica 24.

Tibor Kovács: Representations of Weapons on Bronze Age Pottery

12 T. KOVÁCS TÓ SZEG-LAPOSHALOM Fragment of a face urn (Fig. 8)

. The Bronze Age tell settlement, known and explored for several decades, yielded in 1948 under authentic find circumstances a neck fragment of a face urn of larger dimensions from Stratum ,,e".

? TISZAFÜRED -MAJOROS Bird-shaped vessel with human face (Fig. 9). In the area of the cemeteries of the Middle Bronze Age Füzesabony culture, resp. the Late Bronze Age Tumulus culture, a human-faced askos was found in the superficial humus, presumably in a secondary position. H.: 14 cm.

8 IZSÁK Fragment of an urn with the representation of a hand. The material of the Vatya culture cremation cemetery, excavated in the confines of Izsák, was annihilated during World War II. On ground of the remaining photographs István Bona identified on a pot a schematic representation of a hand incised and incrusted with lime." The above shown material form a special group in the representations of human beings and weapons which, besides being roughly contemporaneous, are connected by analogies both in subject and form. This treefold unity of the characteristics might serve for the starting point of our analysis. In regard of the chronological basis we have the following facts for dating the jar and fragment of Mende. 1) Pit IV/a of the formal scientific excavation yielded a piece of charcoal, whose C

1

4 investigation gave the absolute date of 1330 B.C. ±65 years.

1" 2) The single-layered settlement of Mende is a fortified (?) settlement of the late period of the Vatya culture.

1

1 The segments excavated by us yielded some bronze artefacts, representing characteristic types of the period and a Koszider type hoard, found in unauthentical find circumstances.

1

2 - For dating the Tószeg face urn we have to make a little detour in order to hint to the present-state results of research, segregating the Kos^ider period. Starting from the data collected as far for a study in making, it seems that the last century of the Hungarian Middle Bronze Age brought essential changes in the status quo of the population of this area.

1

3 Historical facts, pointing to two directions, demonstrated in Transdanubia 7 Mozso/ics, A., Acta Arch.Hung. 3(1952) 40, Pl. V, 6. 8 MNM, Inv. no.: 72.4.125., cf. Kovács, T., Arch.Ért. 94(1967) 220. 9 For the data I am indebted to Mr. István Bona. - Cf. Bona, I., Magyarországi művészet a honfoglalás koráig. (Bp. 1959) 17. 1

0 The analysis was made - with the mediation of the late László Vértes and under the guidance of Dr. Mebus A. Geyh - in Labor 1/6 14C of the Niedersächsisches Landesamt für Bodenforschung in 1968. 1

1 For the fortified settlements of the Vatya culture v. F. Pe/res, É.-Bándi, G., Arch. Ért. 96(1969) 170-172 1

2 MNM, Inv. no.: 73.20.3-7. - The objects of the hoard are: a spearhead, 2 flanged angular axes, 2 conical-headed pins. 1:

1 The collection of materials embraces the whole source material in question, inclusive of the unpublished finds of recent excavations.