Folia archeologica 21.
Kovács Tibor: A hajdúbagosi bronzkori temető
HAJDÚBAGOS 47 and the dagger with 2 or 3 rivets are such characteristic objects which were used by the western ethnic groups of the tumulus culture and by those of the Carpathian basin of the same culture in period R BBoBC. 34-3 6 In general it can be stated that the pottery of the Hajdúbagos group shows signs of a combination of the Ottomány culture and the tumulus culture, the latter one having a dominant role. The single-handled mugs with a foot (Fig. 1, nos. 9-10) and some of the ornamental patterns (lines consisting of impressed dots, bundles of parallel lines, small, pricked-in triangles, garland bundles) are regarded as local products of Ottomány origin. 3 9 The basic form of the bowle with everted rim (e. g. Fig. 1, no. 14) was probably developed in the Bodrogszerdahely group. 3 8 Different variations of the urns with everted rim, the doublehandled urns and the small, single-handled mugs can be traced from the ceramic craft of the tumulus culture. 40-4 2 The few data known show that contracted skeleton burials were in use together with the strewn ashes rite in the Ottomány culture. 4 4 The Hajdúbagos burials are without exception urn graves. This fact affirms the conclusion drawn from the finds, namely that at the beginning of the Late Bronze Age a new population, a group of the tumulus culture coming probably from the Southern Great Plain, settled down in the southwestern area of the Ottomány culture. 51-5 2 Indirect data suggest that already in this time the Felsőszőcs group inhabited the eastern part of the Nyírség 4 0 (hiding of the Tőkésfalu, Zajta, Sapolnica finds 4 7), and barred the expansion of the tumulus culture 5 3 of the Northern Great Plain. In the conclusion we can state that the earliest graves of the Hajdúbagos cemetery can be dated to period 1 of the Late Bronze Age (turn of R BBj-BBg), while the youngest ones are not later than period 2 of the Late Bronze Age (R ВС). Finds of the Berkesz-Demecser group are know from several sites (NyírlúgosSzennyespuszta, Szakoly, Debrecen-Haláp, Hajdúsámson-Majorsági földek, Berettyóújfalú-Herpály 5 7) on the territory of the Hajdúbagos group which proves beyond doubt that on this area the Berkesz-Demecser group was settled in period 3 of the Late Bronze Age (R BD). As a possibility we may mention that in period R BD this latter might occupy the territory (or a part of it) of the Late Ottomány Culture, 5 8 considered by the Roumanian archaeologists as a very long-lasting one. 5 9 Finally we can state that the Hajdúbagos group, having many local features, is one of the ethnical groups of the Carpathian tumulus culture.
