Folia archeologica 16.
Sándor Soproni: Two Inscribed Relics of the Cohors XIIX voluntariorum c. R
42 S. SOPRONI Simultaneously, at the end of the 80s of the second century 4 9 cohors II Alpinorum was transferred from the camp at Quadrata in the district of Carnuntum to the station of the studied cohors. Space must be devoted to an inscription from England and one from France. The inscription found at Uxellodunum in England 5 0 has proved to be a relic of cohors XVIIII voluntariorum, instead of the one treated in this article. 5 1 It is not so easy to decide about an inscription from Gallia. On a sarcophagus coming to light near Brioux (Aquitania) the name of a soldier from cohors XVIII voluntariorum. 5 2 Judging from the features of the inscription (the formula HSE, filiatio, etc.) the sarcophagus must be assigned to the first century, or the latest to the beginning of the second. Since the reading of the inscription (which was lost in the meantime) is uncertain and since only the interpolated text is known, our relic has been associated with a troop also mentioned by Tacitus, 53 the cohors XVIII Lugduniensis. 5 4 In our opinion the troops mentioned in the inscription from Brioux may be identical with our cohors and any relation with the Lyonese urban cohors seems unreliable especially if we consider that the distance between the site of the inscription and Lyons is 400 kms. Previous to its encampment in Dunabogdány there are no relics known from our troop. In all likelihood the cohors was established in the first century. On the basis of the Brioux inscription the cohors could have stayed in Gallia during the first century, and in the beginning of the second, between 133 and 138 have been transferred to the threatened limes district of Pannónia. 5 5 From all of these facts the history of the cohors XIIX voluntariorum civium Romanorum can be reconstructed as follows. During the first century the troop was stationed in Gallia and when the raids of the Quadi and Marcomanni necessitated the reinforcement of the Danube bend the troop was moved from here, or perhaps from an intermediary station, to the camp of Cirpi in Pannónia Superior. The transfer probably took place between 133 and 138 as the name of the troop is not included in the diplomas of 133 s 6 while in that of 138 5 7 it appears already. Probably the first stone camp of Cirpi was built by the cohors at this time. Henceforth the cohors was stationed in Cirpi until the end of the wars with the Marcomanni. The unit was relieved by the cohors II Alpinorum at the end of the 1 80s. The discussed cohors, which probably participated in the reconstruction of Carnuntum, was then transferred to Carnuntum or a close-by camp. The further history of this cohors has not yet been disclosed. SÁNDOR SOPRONI 4 9 BarkócziL., Acta Arch. Hung. 9(1958) p. 419. ;FitzJ., op. cit. pp. 41 ff. 5 0 CIL VII 383.; Mommsen, Th., Ephem. épigr. 5.243. 5 1 Cichorius, C., op. cit. p. 354. 52 CIL XIII 1159. 5 3 Hist. I 64. 5 1 Cichorius, C., loc. cit. with bibliography. The cohors XVII Lugduniensis (CIL XIII 1499) is known from an inscription of Vichy. The second century inscription of the cohors of Lugdunum, the coh. XIII urbana (e. g., CIL XIII 1829, 1833, 1836.) cannot be taken into consideration. Concerning the problem of cohors XVII and XVIII, see CIL XIII p. 250. 5 5 Certainly it is possible that the discussed unit did not go directly to Pannónia from Gallia, but went elsewhere too. At any rate, before moving to Cirpi it was probably stationed somewhere in Gallia during the first century. so CIL XVI 76 (Győr) and 77 (Szőny). " CIL XVI 86 (Tótvázsony).
