Folia archeologica 10.

L. Barkóczi - A. Kerényi: Bronze medaillons of Thracian issue from Brigetio

86 L. Barkóc^i—A. Kerényi Evidently we are faced by the question: how came these medallions of Thracian issue to Pannónia, and especially to the territory of Brigetio? The material published here shows that such bronze medallions were rarely found in this area; considering also their special character we may reasonably presume that they came here exclusively through personal connections. The same is suggested by the fact that their site is the very camp of Brigetio or its immediate neighbourhood. In view of the history of Brigetio

1

3 we may choose between three channels through which the medallions may have come to this area. Namely, through commercial activity, but this is contradicted at once by their small number and special character; through settlers coming from the East across Thracia;

14 or through the garrison stationed in Brigetio.

1

5 Many people of Eastern origin travelled or settled in Pannónia in the second century, but their immigration is especially numerous at the end of the second and in the first half of the third century.

1

6 Thes eastern settlers from Syria, Asia Minor, and North Africa

1

7 brought the archaeological material of their countries with them, also coins among the other, which they often wore round their necks in the way of jewels, as the memories of their ancestral home in the new one.

1

8 So far we were able to get the best view of the settlers coming from the East and of their archaeological material in Intercisa, an other city at the Pannonian limes.

1

9 Beginning with the end of the second century (from Marcus Aurelius to Severus Alexander) the Eastern people arrived in several waves,

20 and the population was almost exclusively Eastern till the middle of the third centhury.

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1 The troop stationed in the camp, the cohors milliaria Hemesenorum has been recruited in Syria,

2

2 it has been filled up from the same area in the first half of the third century.

2

3 In all probability they arrived to Pan1

3 The history of Brigetio was the subject of three summarizing studies in the last years : Paulovics I., Funde und Forschungen in Brigetio (Szőny), LA II. (Bp. 1941) DissPann. Ser. II. No. 11. 118 ff. — Barkóczi L., Nouvelles Données pour la topographie de Brigetio. AntH. 3 (1949) pp. 72—77. — Barkóczi L., Brigetio. (Bp. 1952) DissPann. Ser. II. No. 22. 1

4 For the settlers coming from the East s

ее Barkóczi L., Intercisa I. (Bp. 1954) АН XXXIII. pp. 54—55, and Intercisa II. (Bp. 1957) АН XXXVI. pp. 532—535. (In the following Intercisa I and II) The cohors of Intercisa came to Pannónia through Thracia, this is why we find also Thracians among the soldiers. Cf. Lambrino, Observations sur la cohors milliaria Hemesenorum R. I. (1932) pp. 262—264, and Barkóczi L., Intercisa I. p. 55). 1

6 For a summary of the troops stationed at Brigetio see Barkóczi L., Brigetio. pp. 18—22. 1

8 Barkóczi L., Intercisa I, and II, ibid. 1

7 By the research of the Pannonian name material of the second and fourth centuries

—now going on

—a very numerous Eastern element can be shown, living in the province as soldiers, merchants and civilians. 1

8 We may mention as an example that a great number of Eastern coins was discovered at Intercisa, among them several small bronzes of Nikaia dating from the time of Alexander Severus. Intercisa I. p. 146. — Similarly more coins of Eastern origin are known from Brigetio. We had occasion to see the study of Gy. Répásy on the collection of Gy. Lenhardt containing nearly three thousand coins from Brigetio (in manuscript). 1

9 Intercisa I., and Intercisa II. 2

0 Barkóczi L., Intercisa I. pp. 48,54 and Intercisa II. pp. 532—533. —

F ülep F., Intercisa I. pp. 250—259. 2

1 Barkóczi L., Intercisa II. pp. 532—533. -— Cf. F ülep F., ibid. 2

2 Barkóczi L., Intercisa I. p. 54. — Fülep F., op. cit. pp. 245—247. 2

3 Barkóczi L., Intercisa I. p. 55. — Fülep F., ibid.