Folia archeologica 9.

Patay Pál: A neolithikum a bodrogkeresztúri Kutyasoron

36 P. Patay similar to the above mentioned ones (Pl. II, nos. 1—17, 19), a worked antler point (Pl. II, no. 18), and an almost complete vessel (Pl. IV, no. 4). The bones found in the pit suggest the following fauna : Equus caballus L., Bos primigenius Boj., Bos taurus L., Oervus elaphus L., Capreolus oapreolus L., Sus scrofa domestica L., and finally a kind of fish. Grave 1. The extended skeleton of a woman, aged 42—46, lying on its back. It is orientated to south-east and north-west (Fig. 9). Beside the right ankle a vessel and beside the right elbow another one (Pl. IV, nos. 5—6) together with a polished stone-axe (Pl. Ill, no. 9). Above the knees of the skeleton the skull of a child aged 3—4. Grave 2. The extended skeleton of a man, aged 50—54, lying on its back. Orientation : south-east and northwest (Fig- 10). Beside the right elbow a small polished trapezoid stone-axe (Pl. Ill, no. 1). At the middle of the forearm four flint flakes (Pl. Ill, nos. 2—5). A small flint blade in front of the mouth (Pl. Ill, no. 6). The second layer yielded similar finds (Pl. nos. 13—17 ; Pl. III, nos. 11—12). Pit II was of more modern times. The material derived from Tompa's excavation 1935 is similar to the aforementioned ones with the difference that in this material maeanderstriped black painted wares as well as linear-ornamented pottery •— considered by Tompa to be proto-Biikkian — also occurred (PL III, nos. 13—14, 16—17 ; Pl. IV, nos. 8—11). .Judging by the remains of the fauna it can be assumed that the inhabitants of the settlement were engaged besides intensive food-gathering, fishing, and hunting with a significant extent of stock-breeding. The occurrence of the horse is striking. The animal-figures very probably representing dogs, found at the different excavations, make it possible that dogs were present in a greater number. The position of the stone-axes in the graves points to the probability that these were placed in the graves so as to be at hand for the dead. The child's skull found in grave 1 above the knee of the skeleton must have had a ritual meaning. The finds of all three excavations are similar and have the characteristics of the Tisza culture, especially the pottery ornamented with maeanderlinears (Pl. I, nos. 2—4, 9, 11—15"; Pl. II, nos. 5—7, 9—12, 19). This material also agrees with that of the type-sites of the culture : the districts of Szentes and Hódmezővásárhely. The occurrence of the ornamentation characteristic of Vinca, Csóka (Сока), and Tordos (Turda<j) is very interesting (Pl. I, no. 10 ; Pl. II, nos. 13, 15—17). The finds from the two graves seem to derive from the earlier phase of the culture. In spite of this the graves can not be considered to be independent of the settlement. Here too are to be found objects resembling the finds of the settlement at Herpály which represent the last phase of the Neolithic period as well as that of the Early Copper Age (PI. Ill, no. 14). The designs of the black-painted wares agree with the incised ornamentation of the Tisza culture. Parallel finds of Bodrogkeresztúr—Kutyasor are also known from the neighbouring sites, Kenézlő and Paszab. There were also graves at the settlement of Kenézlő, but in contrast to those of Bodrogkeresztúr the skeletons