Fogorvosi szemle, 2009 (102. évfolyam, 1-6. szám)

2009-06-01 / 3. szám

FOGORVOSI SZEMLE

102. évf. 3. sz. 2009.

95

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Dr. Gera I, Dr. Vári M:

Genetic background of periodontitis Part I. Basic principles and syndromes with Mendelian inheritance

Review of literature

Periodontitis is an infectious disease. It had previously been considered as a diseases caused merely by the dental plaque. During the nineteen-nineties a substantial number of publications indicated the role of other risk factors in the pathogenesis-like behavioural, systemic and genetic ones. Based on the recent research data the genetic factors and the ethnicity have become one of the leading susceptibility or severity factors for destructive periodontitis. The family background of early onset aggressive periodontitis has long been known. Hereditary syndromes can very frequently be associated with severe periodontitis. Both facts can support the alleged connection between certain genes’ mutation and periodontal manifestation. Periodontal disease associated with systemic hereditary syndromes mainly shows a Mendelian inheritance. The locus and the characteristics of the gene mutations have in many cases been identified. Nevertheless several polygenic gene single nucleotide mutations can also be a predisposing or severity factor for periodontitis. Part I of the literature review is focusing on those syndromes in which major PMN leukocyte deficiency or dysfunction or certain structural protein deficiency occur.

Key words: periodontitis, Mendelian inheritance, gene mutation, inherited syndromes, leukocyte deficiencies