Vukov Konstantin: A középkori esztergomi palota épületei (2004)
Abstract
Although the proposed development is not a historical monument-type reconstruction - or restoration - but an addition (supplement) formulated in an architectural language, being close to the means of monument conservation, which covers all former periods as a protecting building and at the same time expresses the scientific knowledge, by which this significant palace was recognized from its remains, was identified and theoretically reconstructed, collecting the most possible knowledge. An architectural protection, not contradicting to the scientifically founded spatial and mass law, but reflecting it should be realized, which is able to include from the historical monument „everything which happened until now", gives ground to „future events”, that is to restorations and presentations, to museology and to proper utilization. The basic principle is: readability and reversibility of additions, modern supplements. The big hall, the palace wing in its present form (until 1999) is only „caserne”, thus does not reflect the rich message, which would otherwise derive from the history of the building. When reconstructing the Gallant - Archbishop type big hall it is advisable to take into account the condition at the end of the 15th century, since this period integrated all the historical states, organically including all former architectural periods - especially the age of Béla III - and these can still be presented. Horizontally the reconstruction can be regarded precise, but in order to reflect the 15th century status the demolition along a long length or complete length of the Western wall of the floor of the Baroque caserne is required. The caserne is a Baroque necessary building on the medieval ruin- s, but at the same time reflects a historical status of the building. Nevertheless, in order to reach a higher value level - as in case of the Old Synagogue of Sopron - demolition can be made, but only with perfect documentation. According to the research results, and theoretical constructions quite good accuracy can be reached vertically, too, remaining within the about 2 m error limit (10- 15% accuracy), since the internal height from floor level is at least 14 m, thus the height of the ridge is at about 17 m. The late barrel-vault ceiling of the hall should be restored with modern means, in the spirit of the Charter of Venice. For representation of the internal space there are modern structures, like glued wooden supports, even so the mounted, cassette shell construction. With the help of data, collected from the old portrayals and conformal surveys the ideal reconstruction of the White Tower can be made. The levels, known today were closed by vaults. There was another level above the studiolo and the library, which most probably did not have concam- erated ceiling. The topmost level should have served for viewing out- espial purposes, and this was only covered by the calotte. The body of the White tower could have been a stubby one, the steepness of the calotte can be found out on the basis of the typical chimneys, shown on the portrayals. On the basis of the original remains and of the Lux-Várnai restoration, extremely respecting the original condition, there is a possibility to reconstruct the tower rooms and the late vaults of the Beatrix hall, organically joining the tower as a wing mass. After this we can get a safe point to the determination of the level of the first floor, which makes possible the moderate, but authentic display of the tower mass. Géza Lux also dealt with these ideas with great interest in 1937, proved by the reconstruction drawings and one photo montage. On the basis of the results of scientific researches, according to the documented intentions of the discoverers, and as seen from the original remains - with the additions, supported by scientific research - the work stopped 65 years ago can now be continued adequately. 103
