Az Eszterházy Károly Tanárképző Főiskola Tudományos Közleményei. 2002. Vol. 3. Eger Journal of English Studies.(Acta Academiae Paedagogicae Agriensis : Nova series ; Tom. 29)
Éva Kovács: Properties of Verbs Which Constitute Phrasal Verbs
PHRASAL VERBS 125 has the following aspect/Aktionsart meanings: 'a diminution or complete cessation of a state or action' (Kennedy 1920), 'ingressive aspect' (Poutsma 1926, Curme 1931), 'effective aspect' (Curme 1931), 'intensive adverb' (Potter 1965). 'orderliness or completion', 'riddance or extermination' (Kennedy 1920), 'ingressive aspect' (Curme 1931, Poutsma 1926), 'effective aspect' (Curme 1931), 'terminative slant' (Live 1965), 'intensive adverb' (Potter 1961, Mitchell 1979) 'terminative". 'ingressive aspect' (Poutsma 1926; Curme 1931), 'effective aspect', 'durative effective aspect' (Curme 1931), 'iterative or the durative', 'inchoative in imperatives' (Live 1965), 'without let or hindrance', either iterative or inceptive' (Bolinger 1971). THROUGH: 'terminative aspect' (Poutsma 1926), 'effective aspect', 'durative effective aspect' (Curme 1931). ON: 'continuative aspect' with durative verbs' (Poutsma 1926), 'durative aspect' (Curme 1931; Bolinger 1971, Mitchell 1979) 'progressive-continuative'. From the above comments concerning the aspectual/ Aktionsart nature of the particles we can see that the particles give the ingressive mode of action and completive sense to the phrasal verbs.The ingressive mode of action plays a great role in phrasal verbs with AWAY, BACK, DOWN, OFF, while UP and OUT are mainly assigned completive, perfective force. According to the COBUILD dictionary, UP is the commonest of the particles used in combinations occurring in 482 phrasal verbs and is followed by OUT in 410 phrasal verbs. Fraser (1976: 12), however, points out that "while we find bake up, cook up, fry up, broil up and brew up we do not find roast up or braise up, although these latter two verb-particle combinations are perfectly understandable and acceptable." In the same way, while dish out, feed out (the line), give out, hand out, lend out, pass out, pay out, pour out, serve out, throw out, toss out denoting the conveying of something to someone or some place exist, combinations like *grant out, * offer out, and *show out do not occur. DOWN: OFF: AWAY:
