ARHIVSKI VJESNIK 40. (ZAGREB, 1997.)

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M. Carassi, A few Remarks about Professional Training of Archivists in Italy, Arh. vjesn., god. 40(1997) str. 83-87 se shvatio značaj institucija, stvaraoca gradiva; različiti stadiji u "životnom ciklusu " gradiva su shvaćeni kao sukscesivne faze jedinstvenog procesa; vrednovanje i odabiranje su izrazito važni; podučava se metodika primjene načela provenijencije i prvobitnog reda; sređivanje gradiva je prioritetno, potom slijedi njegov opis; dužna pažnja je posvećena arhivskoj tehnici; evaluira se isplativost novih tehnologija; izučava se arhivska etika. Permanento obrazovanje je potreba na koju Društvo arhivista Italije odgovara organiziranjem seminara o specifičnim temama i kontroverznim pitanjima struke. Sažetak izradila Živana Heđbeli The following short contribution is intended to inform members of the Croatian Archives Society about essential aspects of archival professional training in Italy. To begin with terminology. I would like to draw your attention to the ambiguous character of the word "archivist", encompassing at least two different jobs within the Italian bureaucratic tradition. In the first meaning the word indicates an official civil servant provided with a university degree plus an archival sciences diploma, working in State Archives or other institutions holding important historical archives. The second meaning concerns an employee simply working with current or semi-current records at one of the lowest levels of the bureaucratic pyramid. These two kind of archivists are given quite different training. The first one (historical archivist), after a university degree in law, history, political sciences or humanities (4 years) has to attend a two year archival course (possibly parallel to their university courses). One becomes an archivist of the first kind only by passing a national examination including written and oral exams (history, law, administrative history, political economy, public accountancy, statistics, foreign languages ...). On the other hand, no specific training is required for lowest level employees: they learn by doing, imitating their senion colleagues, absorbing correct as well as incorrect procedures. Seventeen Schools of archival studies are run by the most important of the State Archives. The large number, almost one School in each region, is due to the relatively recent date of national unification (1861), resulting in deep différencies in regional administrative history. Structure and programs are imposed by law and therefore are identical everywhere. The Schools offer three main branches of study: 1) archival sciences (archival theory, arrangement and description methods, history of archives and archival legislation; 2) paleography (latin and modern); 3) diplomatics (pontifical, imperial, private documents). 84