Budapest, 1947. (3. évfolyam)

1. szám - BENEDEK ANDRÁS: Színházi esték

BUDAPEST ILLUSTRATED HISTORICAL AND SOCIAL REVIEW PUBLISHED BY THE CITY OF BUDAPEST THE LARGEST GROUP OF GOTHIC REMAINS IN HUNGARY The Municipal Museum for Mediaeval Relics carried out an exhaustive examination of the Fortress Hill — the Vár as it is called in the vernacular — in Buda during 1945 and 1946. It was thai interesting and picturesque district of the Hungarian capital that suffered most severly during the siege of two years ago. As a result of the investigations carried out in almost an hundred cases, a clear picture can now be formed of the type of houses brilt and inhabited by the well-to-do inediäeval population of Buda. Generally speaking, it became apparent that the guttered part of the roof faced the street. To the right and left of the gate there were usually two or three uncommonly spacious vaulted rooms stretching from one end of the house to the other. Between the gateway entrance and the courtyard, experts have round remains of seats bearing the embossed and carved decorations of the period. It has also proved possible to excavate a number of fine Gothic windows from under the wall-work of the later Baroque period. Most of the remains date from the XV. century and are richly adorned with inullioned windows and other architectural gems of the period. A number of beautifully decorated ^pieture -Oil r

p(mitiiigj HOFFMANN FERENC BUDAPEST, IV., GERLÓCZY-UTCA 5 gate-ways also came to light during the researches. The remains of over-hanging balustrades, balconies and mediaeval loggias give the expert a clear picture of the stvle of contruction adopted by architects of Buda during the XIV, XV and XVI •centuries, apart from revealing wealth of interior Gothic relics, arches, rooms, vaults, carved stone door ways etc. One of the architecturally most important discoveries was that of a number of superbly carved pillars enclosing a courtyard. Relics of mediaeval frescoes are also to be seen in this house. Now that these unsuspected treasures have been brought to light, it will be necessary form them to be restored as they constitute the largest group of médiáéval relics in Hungary. L. Gerrvieh PORTRAIT Ol A BRITISH KING IN THE PEST »VIGADÓ« The Pest »Vigadó«, or Redoute as the building is sometimes called, was considered a masterpiece of the Hungarian romantic architectural style. This splendid building, which one contemporary admirer described as a »fairy palace of untold beauty and unbelievable brilliance«, was almost completely destroyed during the siege of Budapest. Of the innumerable fine frescoes and reliefs recalling some page of Hungary's historic past, only a few now remain. Among the relics that have survived destruction is a relief that was believed to potray Erzsébet Szilágyi, mother of King Matthias Corvinus, the great Hungarian ruler of the XV. century. It was believed that this relief was copied from an authentic contemporary oil-painting in which the person portrayed is shown with a crown, a gloria and a scepter. These unusual emblems later promted experts to investigate the origin of the oil-painting and F. Pulszky, the famous Hungarian antiquarian, ascertained that while it does date from the early XV. century, the work — which bears the emblem of a caduceus — was that of Jacopo de' Barbari ; furthermore, that it did not portray the great histrorical figure of the House of Hunyadi, but of Saint Oswald. King of Northumbria, whose memory was held in particular esteem during the Middle Ages. Thus, it became apparent that the relief in the Vigadó does not portrary some famous Hungarian, but one of the great figures of English history. Thereby, the number of English relics in Budapest has been added to still further if unbewittingly. L. Vayer exzia n e ill t HJHOCTPMPOBAHHblH HCTOWWECKHÜ M OEIHECTBEHHblH )KYPHAJI BEHTEPCKOH CTOJIMUbl KPEIIOCTb B BY/IE, E/IHHCTBEHHA51 rOTM 4ECKAM lACTb CTOJIHLlbl B 1945-46 roay ByaaneuiTCKMM Cuea-HeBeKOBbiM My3eeM 6bijm npoH3BeaeHbi apxeo/ionmecKHe pacKonKH B Kpenocm B Byae — wacTH ropoaa HaHÓoaee nocT-paflaBineií OT ocaabi. B TEMEHHH STHX pacKonoK B 80-100 cTapwx aoMax f)i,i.in OTKpbiTbi ROTH'IECKMC AETAJIH, na OCHOHaHHH KOTOpblX yaaaOCb yCTaHOBHTb xapaKTepHbie aa H cpe.iHeneKORoii By aw apxHTeKTypHbie CTH.IH. ZLOMA BblXOOTflH KapHH3HOH CTOpOHOfi na urnpoKHc Y/innbi. finpaBO H B/ICBO OT noa'e3aa Haxoauaocb aBa-rp« Heoöbi-MaHHO npocTopHbix nOMeiueHHH co CBoaaMH, KOTopbie nepeceKaan aOM BO Bcio ero aaHHy. Floa'e3aw noqTH Bcex cpeaHeBeKOBbix a0M0B Byaw 6 hum ypa-UieHbl HHLIiaMH C CH;1CHH9MH IlOa 6&J1-aaxHHaMH. B 3aMypoBaHHbix BO Bpe.MH 3I10XH BapoK 4>acaaax yaaaocb pa3o6-aaMHTb 3HaMHTejibHoe KO/IMMECTBO TOTHHeCKHX OKOH. EoJIbUIHHCTBO naMHTHHKOB CTapHHbi npoH3xoauT H3 XV. BeKa co BceMH xapaKTepHbiMH aaH Hero noapoÖHocTSMH. nPH pacaKnxox 6bian TaKaceoTKpbiTbi BOpOTa c 6oraTbiMH KaMeHHbiMH yKpauie-HHHMH. floMa Byabl XV XVI. BCKOB Obl/IH IlOCTpOeHbl B rOTHMCCKOM ayXe : C Bbiaa-IOIUHMHCH Bnepea, noKOiomHMHCH HA noa-nopax aTaacaMH, oa/ikonaMii, cpeaHeBe-KOBblMH "^OaatHHMH". HapHay C BHyT-peHHHMH rOTHMeCKHMH N O M G UL C H H H M M, -laBKaMH. KOMOpKaMH, K O M H a T a M H B HHÄHHX 3TaacaX CO CBOaaMH, pe3HbIMH aBepHMH B KaMeHHOH OÖpaMaeHHH BblaeaneTCH apxiipeKrypa napaaHbix 3An B nepBbix sTaacax YAHHHORO (J>poHTa. OAHHM H3 3aMbIX rpaHaH03HbIX apxHTeKTypHbix naMHTHHKOB HBJIHIOTCH apKaabl, OKaiÍM-asnouiHe aßop oaHoro H3 aoMOB, 3Haca-HiunecH Ha yKpauieHHbix öoraToii pe3b6oií KO.'ioHHax. B napaaHOM POTHMCCKOM 3aae Toro JKe cainoro aoMa coxpaHHjmcb OCTaTKH iKHBOnHCH H OpiiaMCIITHKH TOraamHefi anoxn. KpoMe cjiparMeHTOB H3 snoxH PeHecoaHC B XV. Bexe, caeAbi AHBOITHCH 3TOH 3nOXH HA OaHOM H3 (})acaaoB cBHaeTeabCTByioT 06 yxopeHeHH« 3Toro craaH B rpaataaHCKOM CTpoHTeab-CTBe. OTKPLITHKJ 3THX naMHTHHKOB CTapHHbi aoajKHa nocaeaOBaTb npaBHabHan HX pecTaBpauHH. TaK xax OHH npHHaaaeacaTb K caMoii pacnpocTpaHeHHoS rpynne naMHTHHKOB CpeaHeBeKOBbH Ha TeppHTopHH BenrpHH. JIacjxo fepeeun 38