Bács-Kiskun megye múltjából 21. (Kecskemét, 2006)

ÖSSZEFOGLALÓK

TIBOR IVÁNYOSI-SZABÓ CULTIVATION OF PLANTS IN THE 17TH CENTURY KECSKEMÉT This study makes it clear that the cultivation of plants on plough-lands was more far-reaching than we would think it on the basis of previous researches. Although the cultivation of grain was determinant many other kind of plough-land plants were grown too in a considerable quantity. This culture of plants was enhanced in society more than the literature showed us previously. The here listed data of our earliest written sources show us that the cultivation of vine and fruit at the border of the town was organized by law and it was very extensive at the end of the 16th century too. The cultivation on the plough-land and the growing of vine and fruit in Kecskemét could be one of the most important occupations also in the centuries preceding Mohacs (and the Turk thraldom). In the XVI-XVII century the cultivation of plants widened considerably thanks to local markets and a certain war conjuncture that developed by the fast growing of population. From the middle of the century agrestic gardens were developed not only in the immediate vicinity of Kecskemét but in the farther deserts as well and beyond the north sandy areas of the city vineyards and orchards were created in the east then west part of the area. These very serious precedents helped the fast populating of this area in the XVIII-XIX century and the developing of a special agronomical form of commodity production: the homestead farming. TIBOR IVÁNYOSI-SZABÓ THE ROLE OF KECSKEMÉT IN THE RÁKÓCZI WAR OF INDEPENDENCE The outlines of the role of Kecskemét in the war of independence has already been presented in János Hornyik's monography. In the last decade our knowledge of this field was enlarged by new prestations of sources and approaches. One of the purposes of this source-presentation is to call attention again to events that happened in the Sand-tableland 300 years ago, but the first aim is to illuminate new fields of the town administration and the sacrifices of the local population. The real gravity of the former ones is illustrated by such new data that haven't (or just partly) been shown in the previous source presentations. The former documents showed mainly relations of the Kuruc state, the Kuruc army leaders and the town magistrate. This time we not only enlarge the actual data but we show processes and episodes largely that directly illustrate and document the very serious impact of rhe extraordinary military services, the frequent billets, the repeated evacuations, the different payments in kind and other services on social groups and families.